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Science 4 November 1988:
Vol. 242. no. 4879, pp. 771 - 773
DOI: 10.1126/science.3142040
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Articles

Science, Vol 242, Issue 4879, 771-773
Copyright © 1988 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Brain stem neurons in modified pathways for motor learning in the primate vestibulo-ocular reflex

SG Lisberger and TA Pavelko

Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco 94143.

The vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) stabilizes retinal images by generating smooth eye movements that are equal in amplitude and opposite in direction to head turns. Whenever image motion occurs persistently during head turns, the VOR undergoes motor learning; as a result image stability is gradually restored. A group of brain stem neurons that are in the modified pathways has now been described. The neurons express changes in firing in association with motor learning in the VOR and receive monosynaptic inhibition from the flocculus of the cerebellum. The changes in firing have an appropriate magnitude and are expressed at the correct latency to account for the altered VOR. The response properties of the neurons point to their brain stem vestibular inputs for further investigation of the site of motor learning.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Multiplicative Computation in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR).
W. Zhou, Y. Xu, I. Simpson, and Y. Cai (2007)
J Neurophysiol 97, 2780-2789
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Neural Correlates of the Dependence of Compensatory Eye Movements During Translation on Target Distance and Eccentricity.
H. Meng and D. E. Angelaki (2006)
J Neurophysiol 95, 2530-2540
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Normal Performance and Expression of Learning in the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR) at High Frequencies.
R. Ramachandran and S. G. Lisberger (2005)
J Neurophysiol 93, 2028-2038
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Eyes on Target: What Neurons Must do for the Vestibuloocular Reflex During Linear Motion.
D. E. Angelaki (2004)
J Neurophysiol 92, 20-35
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Signal Processing in the Vestibular System During Active Versus Passive Head Movements.
K. E. Cullen and J. E. Roy (2004)
J Neurophysiol 91, 1919-1933
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Purkinje Cell Synapses Target Physiologically Unique Brainstem Neurons.
C. Sekirnjak, B. Vissel, J. Bollinger, M. Faulstich, and S. du Lac (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 6392-6398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Brain Stem Pursuit Pathways: Dissociating Visual, Vestibular, and Proprioceptive Inputs During Combined Eye-Head Gaze Tracking.
J. E. Roy and K. E. Cullen (2003)
J Neurophysiol 90, 271-290
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rapid Motor Learning in the Translational Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.
W. Zhou, P. Weldon, B. Tang, and W. M. King (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 4288-4298
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Firing Response Gain by Calcium-Dependent Mechanisms in Vestibular Nucleus Neurons.
M. R. Smith, A. B. Nelson, and S. du Lac (2002)
J Neurophysiol 87, 2031-2042
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Sensorimotor Processing of Vestibulo-Ocular Signals during Rotation and Translation.
D. E. Angelaki, A. M. Green, and J. D. Dickman (2001)
J. Neurosci. 21, 3968-3985
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Floccular Modulation of Vestibuloocular Pathways and Cerebellum-Related Plasticity: An In Vitro Whole Brain Study.
A. L. Babalian and P.-P. Vidal (2000)
J Neurophysiol 84, 2514-2528
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cerebellar Flocculus and Ventral Paraflocculus Purkinje Cell Activity During Predictive and Visually Driven Pursuit in Monkey.
M. Suh, H.-C. Leung, and R. E. Kettner (2000)
J Neurophysiol 84, 1835-1850
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Spatiotemporal Processing of Linear Acceleration: Primary Afferent and Central Vestibular Neuron Responses.
D. E. Angelaki and J. D. Dickman (2000)
J Neurophysiol 84, 2113-2132
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of Adaptation to Telescopic Spectacles on the Initial Human Horizontal Vestibuloocular Reflex.
B. T. Crane and J. L. Demer (2000)
J Neurophysiol 83, 38-49
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Reorganization of the Rat Motor Cortex Following Motor Skill Learning.
J. A. Kleim, S. Barbay, and R. J. Nudo (1998)
J Neurophysiol 80, 3321-3325
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Neural Learning Rules for the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.
J. L. Raymond and S. G. Lisberger (1998)
J. Neurosci. 18, 9112-9129
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of the Oculomotor Vermis in Generating Pursuit and Saccades: Effects of Microstimulation.
R. J. Krauzlis and F. A. Miles (1998)
J Neurophysiol 80, 2046-2062
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Horizontal Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex Initiation: Effects of Acceleration, Target Distance, and Unilateral Deafferentation.
B. T. Crane and J. L. Demer (1998)
J Neurophysiol 80, 1151-1166
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Participation of Caudal Fastigial Nucleus in Smooth Pursuit Eye Movements. II. Effects of Muscimol Inactivation.
F. R. Robinson, A. Straube, and A. F. Fuchs (1997)
J Neurophysiol 78, 848-859
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple subclasses of purkinje cells in the primate floccular complex provide similar signals to guide learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex..
J L Raymond and S G Lisberger (1997)
Learn. Mem. 3, 503-518
   Abstract »    PDF »
Behavioral Analysis of Signals that Guide Learned Changes in the Amplitude and Dynamics of the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex.
J. L. Raymond and S. G. Lisberger (1996)
J. Neurosci. 16, 7791-7802
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Visual motion commands for pursuit eye movements in the cerebellum.
R. Krauzlis and S. Lisberger (1991)
Science 253, 568-571
   Abstract »    PDF »
Properties of Pathways That Mediate Motor Learning in the Vestibulo-ocular Reflex of Monkeys.
S.G. Lisberger, D.M. Broussard, and H.M. Bronte-Stewart (1990)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 55, 813-822
   Abstract »    PDF »
The neural basis for learning of simple motor skills.
S. Lisberger (1988)
Science 242, 728-735
   Abstract »    PDF »


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