Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 17 November 1989:
Vol. 246. no. 4932, pp. 911 - 916
DOI: 10.1126/science.2683088
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Articles

Science, Vol 246, Issue 4932, 911-916
Copyright © 1989 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Scissors-grip model for DNA recognition by a family of leucine zipper proteins

CR Vinson, PB Sigler, and SL McKnight

Howard Hughes Research Laboratories, Department of Embryology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Baltimore, MD 21210.

C/EBP is a sequence-specific DNA binding protein that regulates gene expression in certain mammalian cells. The region of the C/EBP polypeptide required for specific recognition of DNA is related in amino acid sequence to other regulatory proteins, including the Fos and Jun transforming proteins. It has been proposed that these proteins bind DNA via a bipartite structural motif, consisting of a dimerization interface termed the "leucine zipper" and a DNA contact surface termed the "basic region." An evaluation of the properties of conserved amino acids within the basic region of 11 deduced protein sequences, coupled with the observation that they are located at an invariant distance from the leucine zipper, has led to the formulation of a "scissors-grip" model for DNA binding. The architectural features of this model are well suited for interaction with directly abutted, dyadsymmetric DNA sequences. Data supportive of the model were obtained with chemical probes of protein: DNA complexes.


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
C/EBP Homology Protein (CHOP) Interacts with Activating Transcription Factor 4 (ATF4) and Negatively Regulates the Stress-dependent Induction of the Asparagine Synthetase Gene.
N. Su and M. S. Kilberg (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 35106-35117
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Nucleocapsid Protein of SARS-CoV Induces Transcription of hfgl2 Prothrombinase Gene Dependent on C/EBP Alpha.
M. Han, W. Yan, Y. Huang, H. Yao, Z. Wang, D. Xi, W. Li, Y. Zhou, J. Hou, X. Luo, et al. (2008)
J. Biochem. 144, 51-62
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CCAAT/enhancer binding protein {beta} deficiency provides cerebral protection following excitotoxic injury.
M. Cortes-Canteli, R. Luna-Medina, M. Sanz-SanCristobal, A. Alvarez-Barrientos, A. Santos, and A. Perez-Castillo (2008)
J. Cell Sci. 121, 1224-1234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Basic-Zipper-Type Transcription Factor FlbB Controls Asexual Development in Aspergillus nidulans.
O. Etxebeste, M. Ni, A. Garzia, N.-J. Kwon, R. Fischer, J.-H. Yu, E. A. Espeso, and U. Ugalde (2008)
Eukaryot. Cell 7, 38-48
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tamoxifen Induction of CCAAT Enhancer-binding Protein {alpha} Is Required for Tamoxifen-induced Apoptosis.
J. Cheng, D. V. Yu, J.-H. Zhou, and D. J. Shapiro (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 30535-30543
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular cloning and expression analysis of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) CCAAT/enhancer binding protein genes and their responses to induction by GH in vitro and in vivo.
J. H Lo, P. P. Chiou, C M Lin, and T. T Chen (2007)
J. Endocrinol. 194, 393-406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Sequestration of Transcription Factor Activity by Repetitive DNA.
X. Liu, B. Wu, J. Szary, E. M. Kofoed, and F. Schaufele (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 20868-20876
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of cdk2 in the sequential phosphorylation/activation of C/EBPbeta during adipocyte differentiation.
X. Li, J. W. Kim, M. Gronborg, H. Urlaub, M. D. Lane, and Q.-Q. Tang (2007)
PNAS 104, 11597-11602
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATF4 differentially regulates transcriptional activation of myeloid-specific genes by C/EBP{epsilon} and C/EBP{alpha}.
A. F. Gombart, J. Grewal, and H. P. Koeffler (2007)
J. Leukoc. Biol. 81, 1535-1547
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel RBP-J{kappa}-Dependent Switch from C/EBPbeta to C/EBP{zeta} at the C/EBP Binding Site on the C-Reactive Protein Promoter.
P. P. Singh, B. Voleti, and A. Agrawal (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 7302-7309
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of DNA binding properties of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein epsilon by heterodimer formation and interactions with NFkappaB pathway.
A. M. Chumakov, A. Silla, E. A. Williamson, and H. P. Koeffler (2007)
Blood 109, 4209-4219
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of phosphorylation and S-S bond-induced dimerization on DNA binding and transcriptional activation by C/EBPbeta.
J.-w. Kim, Q.-Q. Tang, X. Li, and M. D. Lane (2007)
PNAS 104, 1800-1804
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ)/NF-{kappa}B interaction: role of GILZ homo-dimerization and C-terminal domain.
B. D. Marco, M. Massetti, S. Bruscoli, A. Macchiarulo, R. D. Virgilio, E. Velardi, V. Donato, G. Migliorati, and C. Riccardi (2007)
Nucleic Acids Res. 35, 517-528
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plasmacytic Transcription Factor Blimp-1 Is Repressed by Bach2 in B Cells.
K. Ochiai, Y. Katoh, T. Ikura, Y. Hoshikawa, T. Noda, H. Karasuyama, S. Tashiro, A. Muto, and K. Igarashi (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 38226-38234
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cross-Species Annotation of Basic Leucine Zipper Factor Interactions: Insight into the Evolution of Closed Interaction Networks.
C. D. Deppmann, R. S. Alvania, and E. J. Taparowsky (2006)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 23, 1480-1492
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A modified version of a Fos-associated cluster in HBZ affects Jun transcriptional potency..
P. Hivin, C. Arpin-Andre, I. Clerc, B. Barbeau, and J.-M. Mesnard (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 2761-2772
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CREB4, a Transmembrane bZip Transcription Factor and Potential New Substrate for Regulation and Cleavage by S1P.
J. Stirling and P. O'Hare (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell 17, 413-426
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {alpha} Knock-in Mice Exhibit Early Liver Glycogen Storage and Reduced Susceptibility to Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
E. H. Tan, S. C. Hooi, M. Laban, E. Wong, S. Ponniah, A. Wee, and N.-d. Wang (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 10330-10337
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Amino-Terminal Region of Drosophila MSL1 Contains Basic, Glycine-Rich, and Leucine Zipper-Like Motifs That Promote X Chromosome Binding, Self-Association, and MSL2 Binding, Respectively.
F. Li, D. A. D. Parry, and M. J. Scott (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 8913-8924
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Bidirectional regulation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 gene at distinct sites of its promoter by nitric oxide in vascular smooth muscle cells.
K.-i. Kodama, Y. Nishio, O. Sekine, Y. Sato, K. Egawa, H. Maegawa, and A. Kashiwagi (2005)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 289, C582-C590
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Zhangfei Is a Potent and Specific Inhibitor of the Host Cell Factor-binding Transcription Factor Luman.
V. Misra, N. Rapin, O. Akhova, M. Bainbridge, and P. Korchinski (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 15257-15266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diminished Expression of C/EBP{alpha} in Skin Carcinomas Is Linked to Oncogenic Ras and Reexpression of C/EBP{alpha} in Carcinoma Cells Inhibits Proliferation.
M. Shim, K. L. Powers, S. J. Ewing, S. Zhu, and R. C. Smart (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 861-867
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural and Functional Analysis of the Differential Effects of c-Jun and v-Jun on Prolactin Gene Expression.
K. N. Farrow, A. P. Bradford, J. J. Tentler, and A. Gutierrez-Hartmann (2004)
Mol. Endocrinol. 18, 2479-2490
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dimerization specificity of all 67 B-ZIP motifs in Arabidopsis thaliana: a comparison to Homo sapiens B-ZIP motifs.
C. D. Deppmann, A. Acharya, V. Rishi, B. Wobbes, S. Smeekens, E. J. Taparowsky, and C. Vinson (2004)
Nucleic Acids Res. 32, 3435-3445
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Gcn4p Homolog Is Essential for the Induction of a Ribosomal Protein L41 Variant Responsible for Cycloheximide Resistance in the Yeast Candida maltosa.
H. Takaku, E. Mutoh, Y. Sagehashi, R. Fukuda, H. Horiuchi, K. Ochi, M. Takagi, and A. Ohta (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 23030-23037
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lessons from the Genome Sequence of Neurospora crassa: Tracing the Path from Genomic Blueprint to Multicellular Organism.
K. A. Borkovich, L. A. Alex, O. Yarden, M. Freitag, G. E. Turner, N. D. Read, S. Seiler, D. Bell-Pedersen, J. Paietta, N. Plesofsky, et al. (2004)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68, 1-108
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CEBPA Mutations in Younger Adults With Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Normal Cytogenetics: Prognostic Relevance and Analysis of Cooperating Mutations.
S. Frohling, R. F. Schlenk, I. Stolze, J. Bihlmayr, A. Benner, S. Kreitmeier, K. Tobis, H. Dohner, and K. Dohner (2004)
J. Clin. Oncol. 22, 624-633
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
C/EBP-{delta} Induction by gp130 Signaling: ROLE IN TRANSITION TO MYELIN GENE EXPRESSING PHENOTYPE IN A MELANOMA CELL LINE MODEL.
A. K. Kamaraju, S. Adjalley, P. Zhang, J. Chebath, and M. Revel (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 3852-3861
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Phosphoprotein from the Archaeon Sulfolobus solfataricus with Protein-Serine/Threonine Kinase Activity.
B. H. Lower, M. B. Potters, and P. J. Kennelly (2004)
J. Bacteriol. 186, 463-472
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Leukotriene D4 Mediates Survival and Proliferation via Separate but Parallel Pathways in the Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Line Int 407.
S. Paruchuri and A. Sjolander (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45577-45585
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Drosophila bZIP transcription factor Vrille is involved in hair and cell growth.
S. Szuplewski, B. Kottler, and R. Terracol (2003)
Development 130, 3651-3662
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lithium Stabilizes the CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein {alpha} (C/EBP{alpha}) through a Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK3)-independent Pathway Involving Direct Inhibition of Proteasomal Activity.
M. Shim and R. C. Smart (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 19674-19681
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Reciprocal effects of C/EBPalpha and PKCdelta on JunB expression and monocytic differentiation depend upon the C/EBPalpha basic region.
H. Liu, J. R. Keefer, Q.-f. Wang, and A. D. Friedman (2003)
Blood 101, 3885-3892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural Basis for DNA Recognition by the Basic Region Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein alpha.
M. Miller, J. D. Shuman, T. Sebastian, Z. Dauter, and P. F. Johnson (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 15178-15184
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Conformation of CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein alpha Dimers Varies with Intranuclear Location in Living Cells.
F. Schaufele, X. Wang, X. Liu, and R. N. Day (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 10578-10587
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Imaging the Localized Protein Interactions Between Pit-1 and the CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {alpha} in the Living Pituitary Cell Nucleus.
R. N. Day, T. C. Voss, J. F. Enwright III, C. F. Booker, A. Periasamy, and F. Schaufele (2003)
Mol. Endocrinol. 17, 333-345
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Thermodynamic Characterization of the Folding Coupled DNA Binding by the Monomeric Transcription Activator GCN4 Peptide.
X. Wang, W. Cao, A. Cao, and L. Lai (2003)
Biophys. J. 84, 1867-1875
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Increased Activation of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein-{beta} Correlates with the Invasiveness of Renal Cell Carcinoma.
M. Oya, A. Horiguchi, R. Mizuno, K. Marumo, and M. Murai (2003)
Clin. Cancer Res. 9, 1021-1027
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of the Linker Histone-binding Protein tNASP Affects Progression through the Cell Cycle.
O. M. Alekseev, D. C. Bencic, R. T. Richardson, E. E. Widgren, and M. G. O'Rand (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 8846-8852
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
cAMP-induced Interleukin-10 Promoter Activation Depends on CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein Expression and Monocytic Differentiation.
S. Brenner, S. Prosch, K. Schenke-Layland, U. Riese, U. Gausmann, and C. Platzer (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 5597-5604
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Angiotensinogen Gene Polymorphism at -217 Affects Basal Promoter Activity and Is Associated with Hypertension in African-Americans.
S. Jain, X. Tang, C. S. Narayanan, Y. Agarwal, S. M. Peterson, C. D. Brown, J. Ott, and A. Kumar (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 36889-36896
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Classification of Human B-ZIP Proteins Based on Dimerization Properties.
C. Vinson, M. Myakishev, A. Acharya, A. A. Mir, J. R. Moll, and M. Bonovich (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 6321-6335
   Full Text »    PDF »
B-ZIP Proteins Encoded by the Drosophila Genome: Evaluation of Potential Dimerization Partners.
J. Fassler, D. Landsman, A. Acharya, J. R. Moll, M. Bonovich, and C. Vinson (2002)
Genome Res. 12, 1190-1200
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Aromatase P450 Expression in Endometriotic and Endometrial Stromal Cells by CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Proteins (C/EBPs): Decreased C/EBP{beta} in Endometriosis Is Associated with Overexpression of Aromatase.
S. Yang, Z. Fang, T. Suzuki, H. Sasano, J. Zhou, B. Gurates, M. Tamura, K. Ferrer, and S. Bulun (2002)
J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87, 2336-2345
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigen 3C and Prothymosin Alpha Interact with the p300 Transcriptional Coactivator at the CH1 and CH3/HAT Domains and Cooperate in Regulation of Transcription and Histone Acetylation.
C. Subramanian, S. Hasan, M. Rowe, M. Hottiger, R. Orre, and E. S. Robertson (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 4699-4708
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Biliverdin Reductase Is a Leucine Zipper-like DNA-binding Protein and Functions in Transcriptional Activation of Heme Oxygenase-1 by Oxidative Stress.
Z. Ahmad, M. Salim, and M. D. Maines (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 9226-9232
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Magnesium is required for specific DNA binding of the CREB B-ZIP domain.
J. R. Moll, A. Acharya, J. Gal, A. A. Mir, and C. Vinson (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 1240-1246
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mutations in the gene encoding the transcription factor CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha in myelodysplastic syndromes and acute myeloid leukemias.
A. F. Gombart, W.-K. Hofmann, S. Kawano, S. Takeuchi, U. Krug, S. H. Kwok, R. J. Larsen, H. Asou, C. W. Miller, D. Hoelzer, et al. (2002)
Blood 99, 1332-1340
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Prostaglandin E2-Mediated Activation of HIV-1 Long Terminal Repeat Transcription in Human T Cells Necessitates CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein (C/EBP) Binding Sites in Addition to Cooperative Interactions Between C/EBP{beta} and Cyclic Adenosine 5'-Monophosphate Response Element Binding Protein.
N. Dumais, S. Bounou, M. Olivier, and M. J. Tremblay (2002)
J. Immunol. 168, 274-282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional mechanisms of acute lung injury.
J. Fan, R. D. Ye, and A. B. Malik (2001)
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 281, L1037-L1050
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Encoded by Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Activates Two Major Essential Epstein-Barr Virus Latent Promoters.
A. K. Groves, M. A. Cotter, C. Subramanian, and E. S. Robertson (2001)
J. Virol. 75, 9446-9457
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transactivation of C-Reactive Protein by IL-6 Requires Synergistic Interaction of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein {{beta}} (C/EBP{{beta}}) and Rel p50.
A. Agrawal, H. Cha-Molstad, D. Samols, and I. Kushner (2001)
J. Immunol. 166, 2378-2384
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Alternative splicing at the MEFV locus involved in familial Mediterranean fever regulates translocation of the marenostrin/pyrin protein to the nucleus.
S. Papin, P. Duquesnoy, C. Cazeneuve, J. Pantel, M. Coppey-Moisan, C. Dargemont, and S. Amselem (2000)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 9, 3001-3009
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two Novel Genes Induced by Hard-Surface Contact of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Conidia.
Y.-K. Kim, Z.-M. Liu, D. Li, and P. E. Kolattukudy (2000)
J. Bacteriol. 182, 4688-4695
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Mechanism for Specificity by HMG-1 in Enhanceosome Assembly.
K. B. Ellwood, Y.-M. Yen, R. C. Johnson, and M. Carey (2000)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 20, 4359-4370
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Zhangfei: a second cellular protein interacts with herpes simplex virus accessory factor HCF in a manner similar to Luman and VP16.
R. Lu and V. Misra (2000)
Nucleic Acids Res. 28, 2446-2454
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yersinia enterocolitica Type III Secretion. ON THE ROLE OF SycE IN TARGETING YopE INTO HeLa CELLS.
L. W. Cheng and O. Schneewind (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 22102-22108
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stress-induced Stimulation of Early Growth Response Gene-1 by p38/Stress-activated Protein Kinase 2 Is Mediated by a cAMP-responsive Promoter Element in a MAPKAP Kinase 2-independent Manner.
M. Rolli, A. Kotlyarov, K. M. Sakamoto, M. Gaestel, and A. Neininger (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 19559-19564
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein delta  Is a Critical Regulator of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Gene Transcription in Osteoblasts.
Y. Umayahara, J. Billiard, C. Ji, M. Centrella, T. L. McCarthy, and P. Rotwein (1999)
J. Biol. Chem. 274, 10609-10617
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional Repression of Human Hepatitis B Virus Genes by a bZIP Family Member, E4BP4.
C.-K. Lai and L.-P. Ting (1999)
J. Virol. 73, 3197-3209
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Transcription factors CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein ß and nuclear factor-Y bind to discrete regulatory elements in the very low density lipoprotein receptor promoter.
R. Kreuter, A. K. Soutar, and D. P. Wade (1999)
J. Lipid Res. 40, 376-386
   Abstract »    Full Text »
C/EBPalpha Regulates Generation of C/EBPbeta Isoforms through Activation of Specific Proteolytic Cleavage.
A. L. Welm, N. A. Timchenko, and G. J. Darlington (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 1695-1704
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional repression by the Drosophila giant protein: cis element positioning provides an alternative means of interpreting an effector gradient.
G. Hewitt, B. Strunk, C Margulies, T Priputin, X. Wang, R Amey, B. Pabst, D Kosman, J Reinitz, and D. Arnosti (1999)
Development 126, 1201-1210
   Abstract »    PDF »
CHOP-Dependent Stress-Inducible Expression of a Novel Form of Carbonic Anhydrase VI.
J. Sok, X.-Z. Wang, N. Batchvarova, M. Kuroda, H. Harding, and D. Ron (1999)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 19, 495-504
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dominant Defects in Drosophila Eye Pigmentation Resulting From a Euchromatin-Heterochromatin Fusion Gene.
Y. S. Rong and K. G. Golic (1998)
Genetics 150, 1551-1566
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Identification of DNA Recognition Sequences and Protein Interaction Domains of the Multiple-Zn-Finger Protein Roaz.
R. Y. L. Tsai and R. R. Reed (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 6447-6456
   Abstract »    Full Text »
CREB and Its Associated Proteins Act as Survival Factors for Human Melanoma Cells.
D. Jean, M. Harbison, D. J. McConkey, Z. Ronai, and M. Bar-Eli (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 24884-24890
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Steroid Receptor Coactivator-1 Coactivates Activating Protein-1-mediated Transactivations through Interaction with the c-Jun and c-Fos Subunits.
S.-K. Lee, H.-J. Kim, S.-Y. Na, T. S. Kim, H.-S. Choi, S.-Y. Im, and J. W. Lee (1998)
J. Biol. Chem. 273, 16651-16654
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
C/EBPalpha Is a Regulator of the UDP Glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B1 Gene.
A. J. Hansen, Y.-H. Lee, E. Sterneck, F. J. Gonzalez, and P. I. Mackenzie (1998)
Mol. Pharmacol. 53, 1027-1033
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Asexual Sporulation in Aspergillus nidulans.
T. H. Adams, J. K. Wieser, and J.-H. Yu (1998)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62, 35-54
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of C/EBPbeta Represses Human Papillomavirus Type 18 Upstream Regulatory Region Activity in HeLa Cells by Interfering with the Binding of TATA-Binding Protein.
T. Bauknecht and Y. Shi (1998)
J. Virol. 72, 2113-2124
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Dominant-Negative Inhibitor of CREB Reveals that It Is a General Mediator of Stimulus-Dependent Transcription of c-fos.
S. Ahn, M. Olive, S. Aggarwal, D. Krylov, D. D. Ginty, and C. Vinson (1998)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 18, 967-977
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Two distinct mechanisms for differential positioning of gene expression borders involving the Drosophila gap protein giant.
X Wu, R Vakani, and S Small (1998)
Development 125, 3765-3774
   Abstract »    PDF »
PNZIP Is a Novel Mesophyll-Specific cDNA That Is Regulated by Phytochrome and a Circadian Rhythm and Encodes a Protein with a Leucine Zipper Motif.
C. Chao Zheng, R. Porat, P. Lu, and S. D. O' Neill (1998)
Plant Physiology 116, 27-35
   Abstract »    Full Text »
High Affinity Dimerization by Ski Involves Parallel Pairing of a Novel Bipartite alpha -Helical Domain.
G. Zheng, K. M. Blumenthal, Y. Ji, D. L. Shardy, S. B. Cohen, and E. Stavnezer (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 31855-31864
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Solution Structure of Porcine Delta Sleep-inducing Peptide Immunoreactive Peptide A Homolog of the Shortsighted Gene Product.
G. Seidel, K. Adermann, T. Schindler, A. Ejchart, R. Jaenicke, W.-G. Forssmann, and P. Rosch (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30918-30927
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Multiple Enhancer Regions Upstream of the Apolipoprotein(a) Gene.
D. P. Wade, L. H. Puckey, B. L. Knight, F. Acquati, A. Mihalich, and R. Taramelli (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 30387-30399
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cytoplasmic Localization of a Functionally Active Fanconi Anemia Group A-Green Fluorescent Protein Chimera in Human 293 Cells.
F. A.E. Kruyt, Q. Waisfisz, L. M. Dijkmans, M. A.J.A. Hermsen, H. Youssoufian, F. Arwert, and H. Joenje (1997)
Blood 90, 3288-3295
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of mRNA Expression of a Novel Human Myeloid-Selective CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein Gene (C/EBPepsilon ).
D. Y. Chih, A. M. Chumakov, D. J. Park, A. G. Silla, and H. P. Koeffler (1997)
Blood 90, 2987-2994
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel, Myeloid Transcription Factor, C/EBPepsilon , Is Upregulated During Granulocytic, But Not Monocytic, Differentiation.
R. Morosetti, D. J. Park, A. M. Chumakov, I. Grillier, M. Shiohara, A. F. Gombart, T. Nakamaki, K. Weinberg, and H. P. Koeffler (1997)
Blood 90, 2591-2600
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Dominant Negative to Activation Protein-1 (AP1) That Abolishes DNA Binding and Inhibits Oncogenesis.
M. Olive, D. Krylov, D. R. Echlin, K. Gardner, E. Taparowsky, and C. Vinson (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 18586-18594
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATF-2 and C/EBPalpha Can Form a Heterodimeric DNA Binding Complex in Vitro. FUNCTIONAL IMPLICATIONS FOR TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION.
J. D. Shuman, J. Cheong, and J. E. Coligan (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 12793-12800
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Interactional Cloning of the 84-kDa Major Outer Dense Fiber Protein Odf84. LEUCINE ZIPPERS MEDIATE ASSOCIATIONS OF Odf84 AND Odf27.
X. Shao, H. A. Tarnasky, U. Schalles, R. Oko, and F. A. van der Hoorn (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 6105-6113
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
alpha -Helical Protein Assembly Motifs.
W. D. Kohn, C. T. Mant, and R. S. Hodges (1997)
J. Biol. Chem. 272, 2583-2586
   Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a novel vertebrate circadian clock-regulated gene encoding the protein nocturnin.
C. B. Green and J. C. Besharse (1996)
PNAS 93, 14884-14888
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of CCAAT/Enhancer-binding Protein Family Members by Stimulation of Glutamate Receptors in Cultured Rat Cortical Astrocytes.
S. Yano, K. Fukunaga, M. Takiguchi, Y. Ushio, M. Mori, and E. Miyamoto (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 23520-23527
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Constitutive Expression of the Gene for the Cell-specific p48 DNA-binding Subunit of Pancreas Transcription Factor 1in Cultured Cells Is under Control of Binding Sites for Transcription Factors Sp1 and alpha Cbf.
M. Knofler, A. Krapp, O. Hagenbuchle, and P. K. Wellauer (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 21993-22002
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The c-Jun delta -Domain Inhibits Neuroendocrine Promoter Activity in a DNA Sequence- and Pituitary-specific Manner.
K. N. Farrow, N. Manning, F. Schaufele, and A. Gutierrez-Hartmann (1996)
J. Biol. Chem. 271, 17139-17146
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification and Characterization of Basal and Cyclic AMP Response Elements in the Promoter of the Rat Hexokinase II Gene.