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Science 31 August 1990:
Vol. 249. no. 4972, pp. 1007 - 1011
DOI: 10.1126/science.2204108

Articles

Science, Vol 249, Issue 4972, 1007-1011
Copyright © 1990 by American Association for the Advancement of Science


articles

Cell proliferation in carcinogenesis

SM Cohen and LB Ellwein

Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198.

Chemicals that induce cancer at high doses in animal bioassays often fail to fit the traditional characterization of genotoxins. Many of these nongenotoxic compounds (such as sodium saccharin) have in common the property that they increase cell proliferation in the target organ. A biologically based, computerized description of carcinogenesis was used to show that the increase in cell proliferation can account for the carcinogenicity of nongenotoxic compounds. The carcinogenic dose-response relationship for genotoxic chemicals (such as 2-acetylaminofluorene) was also due in part to increased cell proliferation. Mechanistic information is required for determination of the existence of a threshold for the proliferative (and carcinogenic) response of nongenotoxic chemicals and the estimation of risk for human exposure.


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