Science 21 September 1990: Vol. 249. no. 4975, pp. 1436 - 1438 DOI: 10.1126/science.2402638

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Articles

Neurostimulation for Parkinson Disease.

G. Deuschl (2009)
JAMA 301, 104-105
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Balance of Increases and Decreases in Firing Rate of the Spontaneous Activity of Basal Ganglia High-Frequency Discharge Neurons.

S. Elias, Y. Ritov, and H. Bergman (2008)
J Neurophysiol 100, 3086-3104
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Autonomous initiation and propagation of action potentials in neurons of the subthalamic nucleus.

J. F. Atherton, D. L. Wokosin, S. Ramanathan, and M. D. Bevan (2008)
J. Physiol. 586, 5679-5700
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Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation Modulates Thalamic Neuronal Activity.

W. Xu, G. S. Russo, T. Hashimoto, J. Zhang, and J. L. Vitek (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 11916-11924
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Neuronal Activity of the Human Subthalamic Nucleus in the Parkinsonian and Nonparkinsonian State.

F. Steigerwald, M. Potter, J. Herzog, M. Pinsker, F. Kopper, H. Mehdorn, G. Deuschl, and J. Volkmann (2008)
J Neurophysiol 100, 2515-2524
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Cortical Effects of Subthalamic Stimulation Correlate with Behavioral Recovery from Dopamine Antagonist Induced Akinesia.

C. Dejean, B. Hyland, and G. Arbuthnott (2008)
Cereb Cortex
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High-Frequency Stimulation of the Anterior Subthalamic Nucleus Reduces Stereotyped Behaviors in Primates.

N. Baup, D. Grabli, C. Karachi, S. Mounayar, C. Francois, J. Yelnik, J. Feger, and L. Tremblay (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 8785-8788
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A multitarget basal ganglia dopaminergic and GABAergic transplantation strategy enhances behavioural recovery in parkinsonian rats.

K. Mukhida, M. Hong, G.B. Miles, T. Phillips, B.A. Baghbaderani, M. McLeod, N. Kobayashi, A. Sen, L.A. Behie, R.M. Brownstone, et al. (2008)
Brain 131, 2106-2126
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Role for Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons in Switching from Automatic to Controlled Eye Movement.

M. Isoda and O. Hikosaka (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 7209-7218
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D2-like dopamine receptor-mediated modulation of activity-dependent plasticity at GABAergic synapses in the subthalamic nucleus.

J. Baufreton and M. D. Bevan (2008)
J. Physiol. 586, 2121-2142
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D2-Like Dopamine Receptors Modulate SKCa Channel Function in Subthalamic Nucleus Neurons Through Inhibition of Cav2.2 Channels.

S. Ramanathan, T. Tkatch, J. F. Atherton, C. J. Wilson, and M. D. Bevan (2008)
J Neurophysiol 99, 442-459
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Low-Pass Filter Properties of Basal Ganglia Cortical Muscle Loops in the Normal and MPTP Primate Model of Parkinsonism.

M. Rivlin-Etzion, O. Marmor, G. Saban, B. Rosin, S. N. Haber, E. Vaadia, Y. Prut, and H. Bergman (2008)
J. Neurosci. 28, 633-649
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Nav1.6 Sodium Channels Are Critical to Pacemaking and Fast Spiking in Globus Pallidus Neurons.

J. N. Mercer, C. S. Chan, T. Tkatch, J. Held, and D. J. Surmeier (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 13552-13566
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Hold Your Horses: Impulsivity, Deep Brain Stimulation, and Medication in Parkinsonism.

M. J. Frank, J. Samanta, A. A. Moustafa, and S. J. Sherman (2007)
Science 318, 1309-1312
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Inhibition of 5-HT neuron activity and induction of depressive-like behavior by high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus.

Y. Temel, L. J. Boothman, A. Blokland, P. J. Magill, H. W. M. Steinbusch, V. Visser-Vandewalle, and T. Sharp (2007)
PNAS 104, 17087-17092
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Noradrenergic Modulation of Subthalamic Nucleus Activity: Behavioral and Electrophysiological Evidence in Intact and 6-Hydroxydopamine-Lesioned Rats.

P. Belujon, E. Bezard, A. Taupignon, B. Bioulac, and A. Benazzouz (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 9595-9606
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A Calcium-Activated Nonselective Cation Conductance Underlies the Plateau Potential in Rat Substantia Nigra GABAergic Neurons.

C. R. Lee and J. M. Tepper (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 6531-6541
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Subthalamic stimulation-induced forelimb dyskinesias are linked to an increase in glutamate levels in the substantia nigra pars reticulata..

S. Boulet, E. Lacombe, C. Carcenac, C. Feuerstein, V. Sgambato-Faure, A. Poupard, and M. Savasta (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 10768-10776
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History of the corpus luysii: 1865-1995..

R. Hameleers, Y. Temel, and V. Visser-Vandewalle (2006)
Arch Neurol 63, 1340-1342
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Dopamine Replacement Therapy Does Not Restore the Full Spectrum of Normal Pallidal Activity in the 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetra-Hydropyridine Primate Model of Parkinsonism.

G. Heimer, M. Rivlin-Etzion, I. Bar-Gad, J. A. Goldberg, S. N. Haber, and H. Bergman (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 8101-8114
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Subthalamic stimulation evokes complex EPSCs in the rat substantia nigra pars reticulata in vitro.

K.-Z. Shen and S. W. Johnson (2006)
J. Physiol. 573, 697-709
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Surgical insights into Parkinson's disease..

E. A C Pereira and T. Z Aziz (2006)
J R Soc Med 99, 238-244
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Parkinson's disease and primate research: past, present, and future..

E A C Pereira and T Z Aziz (2006)
Postgrad. Med. J. 82, 293-299
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Membrane Channel Interactions Underlying Rat Subthalamic Projection Neuron Rhythmic and Bursting Activity.

A. Gillies and D. Willshaw (2006)
J Neurophysiol 95, 2352-2365
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Competition between feedback loops underlies normal and pathological dynamics in the basal ganglia..

A. Leblois, T. Boraud, W. Meissner, H. Bergman, and D. Hansel (2006)
J. Neurosci. 26, 3567-3583
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Silent plateau potentials, rhythmic bursts, and pacemaker firing: Three patterns of activity that coexist in quadristable subthalamic neurons.

J. I. Kass and I. M. Mintz (2006)
PNAS 103, 183-188
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Impact of High-Frequency Stimulation Parameters on the Pattern of Discharge of Subthalamic Neurons.

L. Garcia, G. D'Alessandro, P.-O. Fernagut, B. Bioulac, and C. Hammond (2005)
J Neurophysiol 94, 3662-3669
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Blockade of Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Transmission Attenuates Symptoms and Neurodegeneration Associated with Parkinson's Disease.

M. Marti, F. Mela, M. Fantin, S. Zucchini, J. M. Brown, J. Witta, M. Di Benedetto, B. Buzas, R. K. Reinscheid, S. Salvadori, et al. (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 9591-9601
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Bilateral deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a multicentre study with 4 years follow-up.

M. C. Rodriguez-Oroz, J. A. Obeso, A. E. Lang, J.-L. Houeto, P. Pollak, S. Rehncrona, J. Kulisevsky, A. Albanese, J. Volkmann, M. I. Hariz, et al. (2005)
Brain 128, 2240-2249
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Balance of Monosynaptic Excitatory and Disynaptic Inhibitory Responses of the Globus Pallidus Induced after Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in the Monkey.

H. Kita, Y. Tachibana, A. Nambu, and S. Chiken (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 8611-8619
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Subthalamic Neurons Coordinate Basal Ganglia Function through Differential Neural Pathways.

Y. Yasoshima, N. Kai, S. Yoshida, S. Shiosaka, Y. Koyama, Y. Kayama, and K. Kobayashi (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 7743-7753
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Spontaneous Pallidal Neuronal Activity in Human Dystonia: Comparison With Parkinson's Disease and Normal Macaque.

P. A. Starr, G. M. Rau, V. Davis, W. J. Marks Jr., J. L. Ostrem, D. Simmons, N. Lindsey, and R. S. Turner (2005)
J Neurophysiol 93, 3165-3176
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Pallidal Origin of GABA Release within the Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata during High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus.

F. Windels, C. Carcenac, A. Poupard, and M. Savasta (2005)
J. Neurosci. 25, 5079-5086
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Targeting the subthalamic nucleus for deep brain stimulation: technical approach and fusion of pre- and postoperative MR images to define accuracy of lead placement.

N A Hamid, R D Mitchell, P Mocroft, G W M Westby, J Milner, and H Pall (2005)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 76, 409-414
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Bilateral subthalamotomy in Parkinson's disease: initial and long-term response.

L. Alvarez, R. Macias, G. Lopez, E. Alvarez, N. Pavon, M. C. Rodriguez-Oroz, J. L. Juncos, C. Maragoto, J. Guridi, I. Litvan, et al. (2005)
Brain 128, 570-583
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Effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation and medication on resting and postural tremor in Parkinson's disease.

M. M. Sturman, D. E. Vaillancourt, L. V. Metman, R. A. E. Bakay, and D. M. Corcos (2004)
Brain 127, 2131-2143
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Role of External Pallidal Segment in Primate Parkinsonism: Comparison of the Effects of 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine-Induced Parkinsonism and Lesions of the External Pallidal Segment.

J. Soares, M. A. Kliem, R. Betarbet, J. T. Greenamyre, B. Yamamoto, and T. Wichmann (2004)
J. Neurosci. 24, 6417-6426
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Subthalamic nucleus stimulation induces deficits in decoding emotional facial expressions in Parkinson's disease.

K Dujardin, S Blairy, L Defebvre, P Krystkowiak, U Hess, S Blond, and A Destee (2004)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 75, 202-208
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Effects of High-Frequency Stimulation on Subthalamic Neuronal Activity in Parkinsonian Patients.

M.-L. Welter, J.-L. Houeto, A.-M. Bonnet, P.-B. Bejjani, V. Mesnage, D. Dormont, S. Navarro, P. Cornu, Y. Agid, and B. Pidoux (2004)
Arch Neurol 61, 89-96
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The subthalamic nucleus in the context of movement disorders.

C. Hamani, J. A. Saint-Cyr, J. Fraser, M. Kaplitt, and A. M. Lozano (2004)
Brain 127, 4-20
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Involvement of the human subthalamic nucleus in movement preparation.

G. Paradiso, J. A. Saint-Cyr, A. M. Lozano, A. E. Lang, and R. Chen (2003)
Neurology 61, 1538-1545
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Spontaneous and Evoked Activity of Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata Neurons during High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus.

N. Maurice, A.-M. Thierry, J. Glowinski, and J.-M. Deniau (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 9929-9936
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Electrophysiological and metabolic evidence that high-frequency stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus bridles neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus and the substantia nigra reticulata.

C.-H. TAI, T. BORAUD, E. BEZARD, B. BIOULAC, C. GROSS, and A. BENAZZOUZ (2003)
FASEB J 17, 1820-1830
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300-Hz subthalamic oscillations in Parkinson's disease.

G. Foffani, A. Priori, M. Egidi, P. Rampini, F. Tamma, E. Caputo, K. A. Moxon, S. Cerutti, and S. Barbieri (2003)
Brain 126, 2153-2163
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Dual Effect of High-Frequency Stimulation on Subthalamic Neuron Activity.

L. Garcia, J. Audin, G. D'Alessandro, B. Bioulac, and C. Hammond (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 8743-8751
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Present and future directions in the management of motor complications in patients with advanced PD.

C. W. Olanow (2003)
Neurology 61, S24-33
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Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: evaluation of active electrode contacts.

W Hamel, U Fietzek, A Morsnowski, B Schrader, J Herzog, D Weinert, G Pfister, D Muller, J Volkmann, G Deuschl, et al. (2003)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 74, 1036-1046
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Functional Disconnection of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Subthalamic Nucleus in Attentional Performance: Evidence for Corticosubthalamic Interaction.

Y. Chudasama, C. Baunez, and T. W. Robbins (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 5477-5485
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Unilateral subthalamotomy in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

N. K. Patel, P. Heywood, K. O'Sullivan, R. McCarter, S. Love, and S. S. Gill (2003)
Brain 126, 1136-1145
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Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Changes the Firing Pattern of Pallidal Neurons.

T. Hashimoto, C. M. Elder, M. S. Okun, S. K. Patrick, and J. L. Vitek (2003)
J. Neurosci. 23, 1916-1923
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Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Enhances Emotional Processing in Parkinson Disease.

F. Schneider, U. Habel, J. Volkmann, S. Regel, J. Kornischka, V. Sturm, and H.-J. Freund (2003)
Arch Gen Psychiatry 60, 296-302
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Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus: effectiveness in advanced Parkinson's disease patients previously reliant on apomorphine.

T R K Varma, S H Fox, P R Eldridge, P Littlechild, P Byrne, A Forster, A Marshall, H Cameron, K McIver, N Fletcher, et al. (2003)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 74, 170-174
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Oral Pharmacotherapy of Childhood Movement Disorders.

T. S. Edgar (2003)
J Child Neurol 18, S40-S49
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Reversal of akinesia in experimental parkinsonism by GABA antagonist microinjections in the pedunculopontine nucleus.

D. Nandi, T. Z. Aziz, N. Giladi, J. Winter, and J. F. Stein (2002)
Brain 125, 2418-2430
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The Switch of Subthalamic Neurons From an Irregular to a Bursting Pattern Does Not Solely Depend on Their GABAergic Inputs in the Anesthetic-Free Rat.

N. Urbain, N. Rentero, D. Gervasoni, B. Renaud, and G. Chouvet (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 8665-8675
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Behavioral Consequences of Bicuculline Injection in the Subthalamic Nucleus and the Zona Incerta in Rat.

C. Perier, L. Tremblay, J. Feger, and E. C. Hirsch (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 8711-8719
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Consequences of Dopaminergic Denervation on the Metabolic Activity of the Cortical Neurons Projecting to the Subthalamic Nucleus in the Rat.

G. Orieux, C. Francois, J. Feger, and E. C. Hirsch (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 8762-8770
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Subthalamic nucleus stimulation affects striato-anterior cingulate cortex circuit in a response conflict task: a PET study.

U. Schroeder, A. Kuehler, B. Haslinger, P. Erhard, W. Fogel, V. M. Tronnier, K. W. Lange, H. Boecker, and A. O. Ceballos-Baumann (2002)
Brain 125, 1995-2004
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Chronic But Not Acute Treatment with a Metabotropic Glutamate 5 Receptor Antagonist Reverses the Akinetic Deficits in a Rat Model of Parkinsonism.

N. Breysse, C. Baunez, W. Spooren, F. Gasparini, and M. Amalric (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5669-5678
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D1 Dopamine Receptor Supersensitivity in the Dopamine-Depleted Striatum Results from a Switch in the Regulation of ERK1/2/MAP Kinase.

C. R. Gerfen, S. Miyachi, R. Paletzki, and P. Brown (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5042-5054
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High-Frequency Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus Selectively Reverses Dopamine Denervation-Induced Cellular Defects in the Output Structures of the Basal Ganglia in the Rat.

P. Salin, C. Manrique, C. Forni, and L. K.-L. Goff (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5137-5148
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Effects of subthalamic nucleus stimulation on motor cortex excitability in Parkinson's disease.

D. Cunic, L. Roshan, F. I. Khan, A. M. Lozano, A. E. Lang, and R. Chen (2002)
Neurology 58, 1665-1672
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Dependence of subthalamic nucleus oscillations on movement and dopamine in Parkinson's disease.

R. Levy, P. Ashby, W. D. Hutchison, A. E. Lang, A. M. Lozano, and J. O. Dostrovsky (2002)
Brain 125, 1196-1209
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Evidence of thalamic disinhibition in patients with hemichorea: semiquantitative analysis using SPECT.

J-S Kim, K-S Lee, K-H Lee, Y-I Kim, B-S Kim, Y-A Chung, and S-K Chung (2002)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 72, 329-333
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Distinct Roles for Nigral GABA and Glutamate Receptors in the Regulation of Dendritic Dopamine Release under Normal Conditions and in Response to Systemic Haloperidol.

W. S. Cobb and E. D. Abercrombie (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 1407-1413
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Enhanced Food-Related Motivation after Bilateral Lesions of the Subthalamic Nucleus.

C. Baunez, M. Amalric, and T. W. Robbins (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 562-568
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Effects of Transient Focal Inactivation of the Basal Ganglia in Parkinsonian Primates.

M. S. Baron, T. Wichmann, D. Ma, and M. R. DeLong (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 592-599
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The cerebral oscillatory network of parkinsonian resting tremor.

L. Timmermann, J. Gross, M. Dirks, J. Volkmann, H.-J. Freund, and A. Schnitzler (2002)
Brain 126, 199-212
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Surgical Treatment of Parkinson Disease.

E. N. Eskandar, G. R. Cosgrove, and L. A. Shinobu (2001)
JAMA 286, 3056-3059
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Lidocaine and muscimol microinjections in subthalamic nucleus reverse parkinsonian symptoms.

R. Levy, A. E. Lang, J. O. Dostrovsky, P. Pahapill, J. Romas, J. Saint-Cyr, W. D. Hutchison, and A. M. Lozano (2001)
Brain 124, 2105-2118
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Deep-Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus or the Pars Interna of the Globus Pallidus in Parkinson's Disease.

The Deep-Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease (2001)
N. Engl. J. Med. 345, 956-963
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The subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: somatotopic organization and physiological characteristics.

M. C. Rodriguez-Oroz, M. Rodriguez, J. Guridi, K. Mewes, V. Chockkman, J. Vitek, M. R. DeLong, and J. A. Obeso (2001)
Brain 124, 1777-1790
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Mice with Very Low Expression of the Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 Gene Survive into Adulthood: Potential Mouse Model for Parkinsonism.

K. A. Mooslehner, P. M. Chan, W. Xu, L. Liu, C. Smadja, T. Humby, N. D. Allen, L. S. Wilkinson, and P. C. Emson (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 5321-5331
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Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in Parkinson's disease: effects of variation in stimulation parameters.

M Rizzone, M Lanotte, B Bergamasco, A Tavella, E Torre, G Faccani, A Melcarne, and L Lopiano (2001)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 71, 215-219
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Effects of Apomorphine on Subthalamic Nucleus and Globus Pallidus Internus Neurons in Patients With Parkinson's Disease.

R. Levy, J. O. Dostrovsky, A. E. Lang, E. Sime, W. D. Hutchison, and A. M. Lozano (2001)
J Neurophysiol 86, 249-260
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An algorithm (decision tree) for the management of Parkinson's disease (2001):: Treatment.

C. W. Olanow, R. L. Watts, and W. C. Koller (2001)
Neurology 56, S1-S88
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Enhancement of Sensorimotor Behavioral Recovery in Hemiparkinsonian Rats with Intrastriatal, Intranigral, and Intrasubthalamic Nucleus Dopaminergic Transplants.

K. Mukhida, K. A. Baker, D. Sadi, and I. Mendez (2001)
J. Neurosci. 21, 3521-3530
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Activation of Group III mGluRs Inhibits GABAergic and Glutamatergic Transmission in the Substantia Nigra Pars Reticulata.

M. Wittmann, M. J. Marino, S. R. Bradley, and P. J. Conn (2001)
J Neurophysiol 85, 1960-1968
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Deep brain stimulation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: subthalamic nucleus versus globus pallidus internus.

M Krause, W Fogel, A Heck, W Hacke, M Bonsanto, C Trenkwalder, and V Tronnier (2001)
J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 70, 464-470
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Selective Dopamine Receptor Stimulation Differentially Affects [3H]Arachidonic Acid Incorporation, a Surrogate Marker for Phospholipase A2-Mediated Neurotransmitter Signal Transduction, in a Rodent Model of Parkinson's Disease.

T. Hayakawa, M. C. J. Chang, S. I. Rapoport, and N. M. Appel (2001)
J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 296, 1074-1084
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »

A randomized, controlled trial of remacemide for motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease.

(2001)
Neurology 56, 455-462
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The subthalamic nucleus, hemiballismus and Parkinson's disease: reappraisal of a neurosurgical dogma.

J. Guridi and J. A. Obeso (2001)
Brain 124, 5-19
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Firing Patterns and Correlations of Spontaneous Discharge of Pallidal Neurons in the Normal and the Tremulous 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,3,6-Tetrahydropyridine Vervet Model of Parkinsonism.

A. Raz, E. Vaadia, and H. Bergman (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 8559-8571
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

High-frequency Synchronization of Neuronal Activity in the Subthalamic Nucleus of Parkinsonian Patients with Limb Tremor.

R. Levy, W. D. Hutchison, A. M. Lozano, and J. O. Dostrovsky (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 7766-7775
 |  Abstract »  |  Full Text »  |  PDF »

Low-Affinity Blockade of Neuronal N-Type Ca Channels by the Spider Toxin omega -Agatoxin-IVA.

S. S. Sidach and I. M. Mintz (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 7174-7182
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The pedunculopontine nucleus and Parkinson's disease.

P. A. Pahapill and A. M. Lozano (2000)
Brain 123, 1767-1783
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Postural and Anticonvulsant Effects of Inhibition of the Rat Subthalamic Nucleus.

D. Dybdal and K. Gale (2000)
J. Neurosci. 20, 6728-6733
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Levodopa Withdrawal After Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation in Advanced Parkinson Disease.

J. L. Molinuevo, F. Valldeoriola, E. Tolosa, J. Rumia, J. Valls-Sole, H. Roldan, and E. Ferrer (2000)
Arch Neurol 57, 983-988
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Ineffective subthalamic nucleus stimulation in levodopa-resistant postischemic parkinsonism.

P. Krack, P. L. Dowsey, A. L. Benabid, N. Acarin, A. Benazzouz, G. Kunig, K. L. Leenders, J. A. Obeso, and P. Pollak (2000)
Neurology 54, 2182-2184
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