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Articles
Polar Orientation of Dyes in Robust Multilayers by Zirconium Phosphate-Phosphonate Interlayers
1 AT& T Bell Laboratories, Murray Hill, NJ 07974
Polar orientation of molecules in solids leads to materials with potentially useful properties such as nonlinear optical and electrooptical activity, electrochromism, and pyroelectricity. A simple self-assembly procedure for preparing such materials is introduced that yields multiple polar dye monolayers on solid surfaces joined by zirconium phosphate-phosphonate interlayers. Second harmonic generation (SHG) shows that the multilayers have polar order that does not decrease with increasing numbers (up to a large number) of monolayers in the film. The inorganic interlayers, as determined by SHG, impart excellent orientational stability to the dye molecules, with the onset of orientational randomization above 150°C. Submitted on July 18, 1991Accepted on September 17, 1991
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)
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