Phase Transformations in Carbon Fullerenes at High Shock Pressures

doi:10.1126/science.254.5037.1489

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Science 6 December 1991:
Vol. 254. no. 5037, pp. 1489 - 1491
DOI: 10.1126/science.254.5037.1489

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Phase Transformations in Carbon Fullerenes at High Shock Pressures

C. S. YOO ¹ and W. J. NELLIS ¹

¹ Physics Department, H Division and Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, University of California, Livermore, CA 94550

C₆₀ powders were shock-compressed quasi-isentropically andquenched from pressures in the range 10 to 110 GPa (0.1 to 1.1Mbar). Recovered specimens were analyzed by Raman spectroscopyand optical microscopy. C₆₀ fullerenes are stable into the 13-to 17-GPa pressure range. The onset of a fast ( $sim$ 0.5 µs)reconstructive transformation to graphite occurs near 17 GPa.The graphite recovered from 27 GPa and about 600°C is relativelywell ordered with crystal planar domain size of about 100 Å.Above 50 GPa a continuous transformation to an amorphous stateis observed in recovered specimens. The fast transformationto graphite is proposed to occur by $pgr$ -electron rehybridizationwhich initiates breakup of the ball structure and formationof the graphite structure at high density.

Submitted on September 17, 1991
Accepted on October 28, 1991

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