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Science 3 September 1993:
Vol. 261. no. 5126, pp. 1299 - 1303
DOI: 10.1126/science.261.5126.1299
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Articles

Cooperative Formation of Inorganic-Organic Interfaces in the Synthesis of Silicate Mesostructures

A. Monnier 1, F. Schüth 2, Q. Huo 3, D. Kumar 3, D. Margolese 3, R. S. Maxwell 3, G. D. Stucky 3, M. Krishnamurty 4, P. Petroff 4, A. Firouzi 5, M. Janicke 5, and B. F. Chmelka 5

1 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, and Departement de Chimie Physique Sciences II, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland
2 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, and Institüt für Anorganische Chemie, Johannes-Gutenberg Universität, 6500 Mainz, Germany
3 Department of Chemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
4 Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106
5 Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106

A model is presented to explain the formation and morphologies of surfactant-silicate mesostructures. Three processes are identified: multidentate binding of silicate oligomers to the cationic surfactant, preferential silicate polymerization in the interface region, and charge density matching between the surfactant and the silicate. The model explains present experimental data, including the transformation between lamellar and hexagonal mesophases, and provides a guide for predicting conditions that favor the formation of lamellar, hexagonal, or cubic mesostructures. Model Q230 proposed by Mariani and his co-workers satisfactorily fits the x-ray data collected on the cubic mesostructure material. This model suggests that the silicate polymer forms a unique infinite silicate sheet sitting on the gyroid minimal surface and separating the surfactant molecules into two disconnected volumes.

Submitted on April 26, 1993
Accepted on July 8, 1993


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)