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Science 7 August 2009:
Vol. 325. no. 5941, pp. 733 - 737
DOI: 10.1126/science.1173073
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Reports

Phylogenetic Conservatism of Extinctions in Marine Bivalves

Kaustuv Roy,1,* Gene Hunt,2 David Jablonski3

Evolutionary histories of species and lineages can influence their vulnerabilities to extinction, but the importance of this effect remains poorly explored for extinctions in the geologic past. When analyzed using a standardized taxonomy within a phylogenetic framework, extinction rates of marine bivalves estimated from the fossil record for the last ~200 million years show conservatism at multiple levels of evolutionary divergence, both within individual families and among related families. The strength of such phylogenetic clustering varies over time and is influenced by earlier extinction history, especially by the demise of volatile taxa in the end-Cretaceous mass extinction. Analyses of the evolutionary roles of ancient extinctions and predictive models of vulnerability of taxa to future natural and anthropogenic stressors should take phylogenetic relationships and extinction history into account.

1 Section of Ecology, Behavior and Evolution, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093–0116, USA.
2 Department of Paleobiology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013–7012, USA.
3 Department of Geophysical Sciences, University of Chicago, 5734 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kroy{at}ucsd.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)