This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 27 August 2010: 995.
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Editorial:
What Is STEM Education?

Rodger W. Bybee
Science 27 August 2010: 996.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 27 August 2010: 997.
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Science Podcast

Science 27 August 2010: 1089.
The show includes ant genomics, archaeological research using satellite images, multiple planets transiting a Sun-like star, and more. Summary »|   Full Text »|   Transcript »|  

New Products

Science 27 August 2010: 1089.
A weekly roundup of information on newly offered instrumentation, apparatus, and laboratory materials of potential interest to researchers. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

News of the Week

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
New XMRV Paper Looks Good, Skeptics Admit—Yet Doubts Linger

Martin Enserink
Science 27 August 2010: 1000.
This week, a long-awaited paper about the link between a virus and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) finally saw the light of day. The study confirms a controversial 2009 paper that reported CFS patients are often infected with the virus, called XMRV. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Marine Ecology
Hard Summer for Corals Kindles Fears for Survival of Reefs

Dennis Normile
Science 27 August 2010: 1001.
Coral reefs are reeling from extensive bleaching in the Indian Ocean and throughout Southeast Asia. And although some hard-hit areas have cooled—offering hope that some reefs may rebound—other regions are just now heating up. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

China
Astronomers Hope Their Prize Telescope Isn't Blinded by the Light

Richard Stone
Science 27 August 2010: 1002.
Chinese astronomers thought they had their hands full, fine-tuning their complicated new survey telescope into next year. Now they have a more urgent problem: Light pollution could jeopardize its ambitious science program. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Research Facilities
U.S. Physicists Eye Australia for New Site of Gravitational-Wave Detector

Adrian Cho
Science 27 August 2010: 1003.
U.S. physicists want to take parts from their massive twin gravitational-wave detectors and use them to build a third detector near Perth in western Australia, greatly enhancing the experiment's ability to pinpoint sources of gravitational waves, should such waves ever be spotted. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Cell Biology
To Scientists' Dismay, Mixed-Up Cell Lines Strike Again

Gretchen Vogel
Science 27 August 2010: 1004.
Over the past 5 years, a handful of research teams have found that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) could become cancerlike after growing for months in the lab. But three of these research teams have now discovered that the cancerlike cells they spotted are unrelated to the original MSCs. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ScienceNOW.org
From Science's Online Daily News Site

Science 27 August 2010: 1005.
ScienceNOW reported this week that martian volcano mud may have hosted life, zombies thrived on ancient Earth, hair follicles track the body's clock, and bacteria are gobbling gulf oil, among other stories. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Chemistry
Organizers Panned for Omitting Israelis From Meeting in Jordan

Robert F. Service
Science 27 August 2010: 1006-1007.
Political tensions between Israel and the Arab world are threatening to overshadow an upcoming chemistry conference in Jordan. The verbal sparring has already created plenty of raw feelings and led to much finger-pointing. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

U.S. Science Policy
NSF Turns Math Earmark on Its Ear to Fund New Institute

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 27 August 2010: 1006-1007.
The National Science Foundation has quietly folded a recent earmark into a competitive grants program, eliminating what seemed to be one state's advantage. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ScienceInsider
From the Science Policy Blog

Science 27 August 2010: 1007.
ScienceInsider reported this week that a court decision earlier this week temporarily blocking federal funding for work with human embryonic stem cells has left some researchers working with the cells facing a cutoff of funding, among other stories. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Random Samples

Science 27 August 2010: 999.
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News Focus

Archaeology
Google Earth Shows Clandestine Worlds

Heather Pringle
Science 27 August 2010: 1008-1009.
Archaeologists are using Google's eye in the sky to bring covert activities to light, from prison building at Guantánamo Bay to looting in the Middle East. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Podcast Interview »|  

Infectious Disease
From Pigs to People: The Emergence of a New Superbug

Dan Ferber
Science 27 August 2010: 1010-1011.
The discovery of a novel strain of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus able to jump from livestock to humans has sparked a multicountry effort to see how dangerous it might be. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Letters

 Dietary Restriction: Standing Up for Sirtuins

Joseph A. Baur, Danica Chen, Eduardo N. Chini, Katrin Chua, Haim Y. Cohen, Rafael de Cabo, Chuxia Deng, Stefanie Dimmeler, David Gius, Leonard P. Guarente, Stephen L. Helfand, Shin-Ichiro Imai, Hiroshi Itoh, Takashi Kadowaki, Daisuke Koya, Christiaan Leeuwenburgh, Michael McBurney, Yo-Ichi Nabeshima, Christian Neri, Philipp Oberdoerffer, Richard G. Pestell, Blanka Rogina, Junichi Sadoshima, Vittorio Sartorelli, Manuel Serrano, David A. Sinclair, Clemens Steegborn, Marc Tatar, Heidi A. Tissenbaum, Qiang Tong, Kazuo Tsubota, Alejandro Vaquero, and Eric Verdin
Science 27 August 2010: 1012-1013.
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 Dietary Restriction: Standing Up for Sirtuins—Response

Luigi Fontana and Linda Partridge
Science 27 August 2010: 1013.
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 Dietary Restriction: Standing Up for Sirtuins—Response

Valter D. Longo
Science 27 August 2010: 1013-1014.
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 Dietary Restriction: Theory Fails to Satiate

Leonard Hayflick
Science 27 August 2010: 1014-1015.
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 Dietary Restriction: Theory Fails to Satiate—Response

Luigi Fontana, Linda Partridge, and Valter D. Longo
Science 27 August 2010: 1015.
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Books et al.

Education
Learning from the Natural World

Mark V. Barrow, Jr.
Science 27 August 2010: 1016-1017.
Kohlstedt examines the nature study movement in early-20th-century America and considers the impact of its efforts to introduce science into primary education. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Psychology
Seeing and Thinking in the Mist

Aude Oliva
Science 27 August 2010: 1017.
Writing for nonspecialists, Chabris and Simons draw from research on attention, perception, memory, and reasoning to discuss how everyday illusions can lead us astray. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Books Received

Science 27 August 2010: 1017.
A listing of books received at Science during the week ended 20 August 2010. Summary »|  

Essays on Science and Society

Spore^* Series Winner
The Universe Online

M. Jordan Raddick and Alexander S. Szalay
Science 27 August 2010: 1028-1029.
Data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey can be used by students, teachers, and the public to contribute to scientific research. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Policy Forum

Disasters
Scenario-Building for the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill

Gary E. Machlis and Marcia K. McNutt
Science 27 August 2010: 1018-1019.
Interdisciplinary science-based scenarios can assist responses to the Gulf oil spill and similar environmental crises. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

Geophysics
Fine-Scale Modeling of Global Plate Tectonics

Thorsten Becker
Science 27 August 2010: 1020-1021.
Powerful numerical methods are enabling the creation of fine-grained models of Earth's dynamic geology. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Immunology
Prime, Boost, and Broaden

Robert W. Doms
Science 27 August 2010: 1021-1022.
A combined immunization approach represents a possible strategy for developing a "universal" flu vaccine. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Behavior
Decisions Made Better

Marc O. Ernst
Science 27 August 2010: 1022-1023.
Under certain circumstances, joint decisions of a group can be better than those of the individuals. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Developmental Biology
Microenvironment Mimicry

Mickie Bhatia
Science 27 August 2010: 1024-1025.
Muscle stem cells cultured in vitro retain regenerative ability when conditions reflect the physical nature of their in vivo environment. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Chemistry
Opening the Door to Peptide-Based Porous Solids

Paul A. Wright
Science 27 August 2010: 1025-1026.
The twisting motion of a dipeptide linker group acts as a pressure-sensitive gate for the adsorption of gases within a crystalline solid. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Virology
Looking Inside Adenovirus

Stephen C. Harrison
Science 27 August 2010: 1026-1027.
Vaccines and gene therapy vectors could benefit from new insights into structure. Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Association Affairs

AAAS News and Notes

Science 27 August 2010: 1030-1031.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Brevia

CoRoT Reveals a Magnetic Activity Cycle in a Sun-Like Star

Rafael A. García, Savita Mathur, David Salabert, Jérôme Ballot, Clara Régulo, Travis S. Metcalfe, and Annie Baglin
Science 27 August 2010: 1032.
Observations of a distant star reveal a magnetic activity cycle similar to that of the Sun. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

The Dynamics of Plate Tectonics and Mantle Flow: From Local to Global Scales

Georg Stadler, Michael Gurnis, Carsten Burstedde, Lucas C. Wilcox, Laura Alisic, and Omar Ghattas
Science 27 August 2010: 1033-1038.
Computational advances enable the modeling of global geophysical processes to the scale of a kilometer. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Atomic Structure of Human Adenovirus by Cryo-EM Reveals Interactions Among Protein Networks

Hongrong Liu, Lei Jin, Sok Boon S. Koh, Ivo Atanasov, Stan Schein, Lily Wu, and Z. Hong Zhou
Science 27 August 2010: 1038-1043.
High-resolution structures provide a basis for optimizing adenovirus as a vaccine and gene-therapy vector. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Strange Metal Transport Realized by Gauge/Gravity Duality

Thomas Faulkner, Nabil Iqbal, Hong Liu, John McGreevy, and David Vegh
Science 27 August 2010: 1043-1047.
Published online 5 August 2010 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1189134] (in Science Express Reports)
Black hole theory is used to develop a mathematical description of a class of metals with unusual electronic properties. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Dynamical Instability Produces Transform Faults at Mid-Ocean Ridges

Taras Gerya
Science 27 August 2010: 1047-1050.
Transform faults on the sea floor are rotated and stretched sections of the mid-ocean ridge. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Chlorine Isotope Composition of the Moon and Implications for an Anhydrous Mantle

Z. D. Sharp, C. K. Shearer, K. D. McKeegan, J. D. Barnes, and Y. Q. Wang
Science 27 August 2010: 1050-1053.
Published online 5 August 2010 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1192606] (in Science Express Reports)
The range of chlorine isotope values of the Moon is distinct from those of Earth and meteorites, indicating that the Moon is dry. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  Podcast Interview »|  

An Adaptable Peptide-Based Porous Material

J. Rabone, Y.-F. Yue, S. Y. Chong, K. C. Stylianou, J. Bacsa, D. Bradshaw, G. R. Darling, N. G. Berry, Y. Z. Khimyak, A. Y. Ganin, P. Wiper, J. B. Claridge, and M. J. Rosseinsky
Science 27 August 2010: 1053-1057.
Conformational changes in a porous material during the sorption of small molecules lead to a dynamic increase in porosity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Trapping a Diradical Transition State by Mechanochemical Polymer Extension

Jeremy M. Lenhardt, Mitchell T. Ong, Robert Choe, Christian R. Evenhuis, Todd J. Martinez, and Stephen L. Craig
Science 27 August 2010: 1057-1060.
Strained carbon rings in the backbone of a polymer can be opened by external application of shear forces. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Induction of Broadly Neutralizing H1N1 Influenza Antibodies by Vaccination

Chih-Jen Wei, Jeffrey C. Boyington, Patrick M. McTamney, Wing-Pui Kong, Melissa B. Pearce, Ling Xu, Hanne Andersen, Srinivas Rao, Terrence M. Tumpey, Zhi-Yong Yang, and Gary J. Nabel
Science 27 August 2010: 1060-1064.
Published online 15 July 2010 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1192517] (in Science Express Reports)
An influenza virus vaccine elicits a broadly neutralizing, cross-protective antibody response in mice, ferrets, and nonhuman primates. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Secreted Peptide Signals Required for Maintenance of Root Stem Cell Niche in Arabidopsis

Yo Matsuzaki, Mari Ogawa-Ohnishi, Ayaka Mori, and Yoshikatsu Matsubayashi
Science 27 August 2010: 1065-1067.
Short-range signaling by sulfated peptides maintains root stem cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genomic Comparison of the Ants Camponotus floridanus and Harpegnathos saltator

Roberto Bonasio, Guojie Zhang, Chaoyang Ye, Navdeep S. Mutti, Xiaodong Fang, Nan Qin, Greg Donahue, Pengcheng Yang, Qiye Li, Cai Li, Pei Zhang, Zhiyong Huang, Shelley L. Berger, Danny Reinberg, Jun Wang, and Jürgen Liebig
Science 27 August 2010: 1068-1071.
Comparison reveals the epigenetic controls on caste development in ants. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Crystal Structure of Human Adenovirus at 3.5 Å Resolution

Vijay S. Reddy, S. Kundhavai Natchiar, Phoebe L. Stewart, and Glen R. Nemerow
Science 27 August 2010: 1071-1075.
High-resolution structures provide a basis for optimizing adenovirus as a vaccine and gene-therapy vector. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Insects Betray Themselves in Nature to Predators by Rapid Isomerization of Green Leaf Volatiles

Silke Allmann and Ian T. Baldwin
Science 27 August 2010: 1075-1078.
Damage caused by a caterpillar releases compounds that are transformed by the pest’s saliva into a predator attractant. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Substrate Elasticity Regulates Skeletal Muscle Stem Cell Self-Renewal in Culture

P. M. Gilbert, K. L. Havenstrite, K. E. G. Magnusson, A. Sacco, N. A. Leonardi, P. Kraft, N. K. Nguyen, S. Thrun, M. P. Lutolf, and H. M. Blau
Science 27 August 2010: 1078-1081.
Published online 15 July 2010 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1191035] (in Science Express Reports)
Muscle stem cells prefer a soft substrate. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Optimally Interacting Minds

Bahador Bahrami, Karsten Olsen, Peter E. Latham, Andreas Roepstorff, Geraint Rees, and Chris D. Frith
Science 27 August 2010: 1081-1085.
Sharing choices and confidence in those choices can be an empowering experience. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Phosphatidic Acid Is a pH Biosensor That Links Membrane Biogenesis to Metabolism

Barry P. Young, John J. H. Shin, Rick Orij, Jesse T. Chao, Shu Chen Li, Xue Li Guan, Anthony Khong, Eric Jan, Markus R. Wenk, William A. Prinz, Gertien J. Smits, and Christopher J. R. Loewen
Science 27 August 2010: 1085-1088.
Lipid signaling in yeast is regulated by intracellular pH. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "A Southern Tyrant Reptile"

Matthew C. Herne, Jay P. Nair, and Steven W. Salisbury
Science 27 August 2010: 1013.
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Response to Comment on "A Southern Tyrant Reptile"

Roger B. J. Benson, Paul M. Barrett, Tom H. Rich, Patricia Vickers-Rich, David Pickering, and Timothy Holland
Science 27 August 2010: 1013.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|