Sea Urchin Genome

The Glorious Sea Urchin

Barbara R. Jasny and Beverly A. Purnell
Science 10 November 2006: 938.
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Perspectives

Poster: The Sea Urchin

Science 10 November 2006: 938.
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The Sea Urchin Genome: Where Will It Lead Us?

Eric H. Davidson
Science 10 November 2006: 939-940.
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Ecological Role of Purple Sea Urchins

John S. Pearse
Science 10 November 2006: 940-941.
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Reviews

Genomic Insights into the Immune System of the Sea Urchin

Jonathan P. Rast, L. Courtney Smith, Mariano Loza-Coll, Taku Hibino, and Gary W. Litman
Science 10 November 2006: 952-956.
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Paleogenomics of Echinoderms

David J. Bottjer, Eric H. Davidson, Kevin J. Peterson, and R. Andrew Cameron
Science 10 November 2006: 956-960.
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Research Article

The Genome of the Sea Urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus

Sea Urchin Genome Sequencing Consortium, Erica Sodergren, George M. Weinstock, Eric H Davidson, R. Andrew Cameron, Richard A. Gibbs, Robert C. Angerer, Lynne M. Angerer, Maria Ina Arnone, David R. Burgess, Robert D. Burke, James A. Coffman, Michael Dean, Maurice R. Elphick, Charles A. Ettensohn, Kathy R. Foltz, Amro Hamdoun, Richard O. Hynes, William H. Klein, William Marzluff, David R. McClay, Robert L. Morris, Arcady Mushegian, Jonathan P. Rast, L. Courtney Smith, Michael C. Thorndyke, Victor D. Vacquier, Gary M. Wessel, Greg Wray, Lan Zhang, Christine G. Elsik, Olga Ermolaeva, Wratko Hlavina, Gretchen Hofmann, Paul Kitts, Melissa J. Landrum, Aaron J. Mackey, Donna Maglott, Georgia Panopoulou, Albert J. Poustka, Kim Pruitt, Victor Sapojnikov, Xingzhi Song, Alexandre Souvorov, Victor Solovyev, Zheng Wei, Charles A. Whittaker, Kim Worley, K. James Durbin, Yufeng Shen, Olivier Fedrigo, David Garfield, Ralph Haygood, Alexander Primus, Rahul Satija, Tonya Severson, Manuel L. Gonzalez-Garay, Andrew R. Jackson, Aleksandar Milosavljevic, Mark Tong, Christopher E. Killian, Brian T. Livingston, Fred H. Wilt, Nikki Adams, Robert Bellé, Seth Carbonneau, Rocky Cheung, Patrick Cormier, Bertrand Cosson, Jenifer Croce, Antonio Fernandez-Guerra, Anne-Marie Genevière, Manisha Goel, Hemant Kelkar, Julia Morales, Odile Mulner-Lorillon, Anthony J. Robertson, Jared V. Goldstone, Bryan Cole, David Epel, Bert Gold, Mark E. Hahn, Meredith Howard-Ashby, Mark Scally, John J. Stegeman, Erin L. Allgood, Jonah Cool, Kyle M. Judkins, Shawn S. McCafferty, Ashlan M. Musante, Robert A. Obar, Amanda P. Rawson, Blair J. Rossetti, Ian R. Gibbons, Matthew P. Hoffman, Andrew Leone, Sorin Istrail, Stefan C. Materna, Manoj P. Samanta, Viktor Stolc, Waraporn Tongprasit, Qiang Tu, Karl-Frederik Bergeron, Bruce P. Brandhorst, James Whittle, Kevin Berney, David J. Bottjer, Cristina Calestani, Kevin Peterson, Elly Chow, Qiu Autumn Yuan, Eran Elhaik, Dan Graur, Justin T. Reese, Ian Bosdet, Shin Heesun, Marco A. Marra, Jacqueline Schein, Michele K. Anderson, Virginia Brockton, Katherine M. Buckley, Avis H. Cohen, Sebastian D. Fugmann, Taku Hibino, Mariano Loza-Coll, Audrey J. Majeske, Cynthia Messier, Sham V. Nair, Zeev Pancer, David P. Terwilliger, Cavit Agca, Enrique Arboleda, Nansheng Chen, Allison M. Churcher, F. Hallböök, Glen W. Humphrey, Mohammed M. Idris, Takae Kiyama, Shuguang Liang, Dan Mellott, Xiuqian Mu, Greg Murray, Robert P. Olinski, Florian Raible, Matthew Rowe, John S. Taylor, Kristin Tessmar-Raible, D. Wang, Karen H. Wilson, Shunsuke Yaguchi, Terry Gaasterland, Blanca E. Galindo, Herath J. Gunaratne, Celina Juliano, Masashi Kinukawa, Gary W. Moy, Anna T. Neill, Mamoru Nomura, Michael Raisch, Anna Reade, Michelle M. Roux, Jia L. Song, Yi-Hsien Su, Ian K. Townley, Ekaterina Voronina, Julian L. Wong, Gabriele Amore, Margherita Branno, Euan R. Brown, Vincenzo Cavalieri, Véronique Duboc, Louise Duloquin, Constantin Flytzanis, Christian Gache, François Lapraz, Thierry Lepage, Annamaria Locascio, Pedro Martinez, Giorgio Matassi, Valeria Matranga, Ryan Range, Francesca Rizzo, Eric Röttinger, Wendy Beane, Cynthia Bradham, Christine Byrum, Tom Glenn, Sofia Hussain, Gerard Manning, Esther Miranda, Rebecca Thomason, Katherine Walton, Athula Wikramanayke, Shu-Yu Wu, Ronghui Xu, C. Titus Brown, Lili Chen, Rachel F. Gray, Pei Yun Lee, Jongmin Nam, Paola Oliveri, Joel Smith, Donna Muzny, Stephanie Bell, Joseph Chacko, Andrew Cree, Stacey Curry, Clay Davis, Huyen Dinh, Shannon Dugan-Rocha, Jerry Fowler, Rachel Gill, Cerrissa Hamilton, Judith Hernandez, Sandra Hines, Jennifer Hume, LaRonda Jackson, Angela Jolivet, Christie Kovar, Sandra Lee, Lora Lewis, George Miner, Margaret Morgan, Lynne V. Nazareth, Geoffrey Okwuonu, David Parker, Ling-Ling Pu, Rachel Thorn, and Rita Wright
Science 10 November 2006: 941-952.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Report

The Transcriptome of the Sea Urchin Embryo

Manoj P. Samanta, Waraporn Tongprasit, Sorin Istrail, R. Andrew Cameron, Qiang Tu, Eric H. Davidson, and Viktor Stolc
Science 10 November 2006: 960-962.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 10 November 2006: 889.
|Full Text »

Editorial:
Beyond Bias and Barriers

Maxine Singer
Science 10 November 2006: 893.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 10 November 2006: 895.
|Full Text »

Science Podcast

Science 10 November 2006: 1008.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 10 November 2006: 1008.
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News of the Week

ASTRONOMY: Panel Prunes NSF Orchard to Make Room for Growth

Adrian Cho
Science 10 November 2006: 904-905.
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MALARIA: Chloroquine Makes a Comeback

Gretchen Vogel
Science 10 November 2006: 904.
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AVIAN INFLUENZA: Is China Coming Clean on Bird Flu?

Dennis Normile
Science 10 November 2006: 905.
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CONSERVATION BIOLOGY: Indian Wildlife Researchers Show Their Fangs Over Permit Hassles

Pallava Bagla
Science 10 November 2006: 907.
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GENETICS: Sea Urchin Genome Confirms Kinship to Humans and Other Vertebrates

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 10 November 2006: 908-909.
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ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE: Global Warming May Be Homing In on Atlantic Hurricanes

Richard A. Kerr
Science 10 November 2006: 910-911.
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ACADEMIC CAREERS: Spain Reconsiders Its University Reform Law

Xavier Bosch
Science 10 November 2006: 911.
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U.S. ACADEMIC RESEARCH: MIT Report Finds 'Breakdown' in Neuroscience Programs

Andrew Lawler
Science 10 November 2006: 913.
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ScienceScope

Science 10 November 2006: 907.
|Full Text »

Random Samples

Science 10 November 2006: 901.
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Newsmakers

Science 10 November 2006: 903.
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News Focus

SOCIAL SCIENCE: Tracking People's Electronic Footprints

John Bohannon
Science 10 November 2006: 914-916.
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SOCIAL SCIENCE: Google's Hidden Wealth

John Bohannon
Science 10 November 2006: 915.
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RUSSIAN SCIENCE: Kremlin Brings Russian Academy of Sciences to Heel

Andrey Allakhverdov and Vladimir Pokrovsky
Science 10 November 2006: 917.
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ILARIA CAPUA PROFILE: Italy's Influenza Diva

Martin Enserink
Science 10 November 2006: 918-919.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Soft Tissue in Dinosaur Fossils? The Evidence Hardens

Science 10 November 2006: 920.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Crestfallen: Sexually Dimorphic No More

Erik Stokstad
Science 10 November 2006: 921.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Snapshots From the Meeting

Erik Stokstad
Science 10 November 2006: 921.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 10 November 2006: 923.
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 Animal Activism and Intimidation of Scientists

John D. Young, Richard W. Bianco, John J. Fung, Andrew A. Lackner;, Andrew N. Rowan;, and Dennis M. Stark
Science 10 November 2006: 923-924.
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 A Plea for Justice for Jailed Medical Workers

Sunil K. Ahuja, Fernando Aiuti, Ben Berkhout, Peter Biberfeld, Dennis R. Burton, Vittorio Colizzi, Steven G. Deeks, Ronald C. Desrosiers, Manfred P. Dierich, Robert W. Doms, Michael Emerman, Robert C. Gallo, Marc Girard, Warner C. Greene, James A. Hoxie, Eric Hunter, George Klein, Bette Korber, Daniel R. Kuritzkes, Michael M. Lederman, Michael H. Malim, Preston A. Marx, Joseph M. McCune, Andrew McMichael, Christopher Miller, Veronica Miller, Luc Montagnier, David C. Montefiori, John P. Moore, Douglas F. Nixon, Julie Overbaugh, C. David Pauza, Douglas D. Richman, Michael S. Saag, Quentin Sattentau, Robert T. Schooley, Robin Shattock, George M. Shaw, Mario Stevenson, Alexandra Trkola, Mark A. Wainberg, Robin A. Weiss, Steven Wolinsky, and Jerome A. Zack
Science 10 November 2006: 924-925.
Published online 24 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1136578] (in Science Express Letters)
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 Throwing the Dice

Ronald Green
Science 10 November 2006: 925.
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 The Dangers of Pyramid-Mania

Robert M. Schoch
Science 10 November 2006: 925.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 10 November 2006: 925.
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Books et al.

LANGUAGE: Are We Dancing Apes?

Joseph T. Devlin
Science 10 November 2006: 926-927.
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BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY: An Honest and Deceitful Review

Katherine E. LeVan and Noah Wilson-Rich
Science 10 November 2006: 927-928.
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NOTA BENE: FILM: Some Noble Causes from Nobelists

Anita C. Wynn
Science 10 November 2006: 928.
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Books Received

Science 10 November 2006: 928.
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Policy Forum

PUBLIC HEALTH: Next Flu Pandemic: What to Do Until the Vaccine Arrives?

Stephen S. Morse, Richard L. Garwin, and Paula J. Olsiewski
Science 10 November 2006: 929.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

ANTHROPOLOGY: Enhanced: A Tool for All Seasons

Stanley H. Ambrose
Science 10 November 2006: 930-931.
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MICROBIOLOGY: Bacterial Bushwacking Through a Microtubule Jungle

Jean-Pierre Gorvel
Science 10 November 2006: 931-932.
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ECOLOGY: A Starving Majority Deep Beneath the Seafloor

Bo Barker Jørgensen and Steven D'Hondt
Science 10 November 2006: 932-934.
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GEOCHEMISTRY: How Melted Rock Migrates

Marian Holness
Science 10 November 2006: 934-935.
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VIROLOGY: Sensing Viral RNA Amid Your Own

Takashi Fujita
Science 10 November 2006: 935-936.
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Brevia

Predators Accelerate Nutrient Cycling in a Bromeliad Ecosystem

Jacqueline T. Ngai and Diane S. Srivastava
Science 10 November 2006: 963.
Because insects in tiny pools within bromeliads export nitrogen when they emerge, predation by damselflies unexpectedly increases the nitrogen available to the plant. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Low-Field Magnetic Separation of Monodisperse Fe₃O₄ Nanocrystals

Cafer T. Yavuz, J. T. Mayo, William W. Yu, Arjun Prakash, Joshua C. Falkner, Sujin Yean, Lili Cong, Heather J. Shipley, Amy Kan, Mason Tomson, Douglas Natelson, and Vicki L. Colvin
Science 10 November 2006: 964-967.
Single-domain magnetite nanocrystals aggregate at relatively modest magnetic field strengths, allowing them to be successfully separated from solution. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Localized Temporal Change of the Earth's Inner Core Boundary

Lianxing Wen
Science 10 November 2006: 967-970.
Published online 28 September 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1131692] (in Science Express Reports)
Seismic waves bouncing off Earth's inner core traveled back faster in 2003 than in 1993, suggesting that the rotating inner core has an irregular surface or is expanding. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Transcrystalline Melt Migration and Earth's Mantle

Pierre Schiano, Ariel Provost, Roberto Clocchiatti, and François Faure
Science 10 November 2006: 970-974.
Temperature gradients allow small amounts of melt to migrate through mantle minerals, affecting melt segregation and the composition of residual melt inclusions. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Selective Etching of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes by Gas-Phase Reaction

Guangyu Zhang, Pengfei Qi, Xinran Wang, Yuerui Lu, Xiaolin Li, Ryan Tu, Sarunya Bangsaruntip, David Mann, Li Zhang, and Hongjie Dai
Science 10 November 2006: 974-977.
A plasma and annealing treatment eliminates only the metallic nanotubes that typically form along with the useful semiconducting ones, facilitating nanotube electronic manufacture. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Metamaterial Electromagnetic Cloak at Microwave Frequencies

D. Schurig, J. J. Mock, B. J. Justice, S. A. Cummer, J. B. Pendry, A. F. Starr, and D. R. Smith
Science 10 November 2006: 977-980.
Published online 19 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1133628] (in Science Express Reports)
A specially designed array of split-ring resonators is used to demonstrate the principle of cloaking an object from electromagnetic radiation. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Isotopic Evidence for Dietary Variability in the Early Hominin Paranthropus robustus

Matt Sponheimer, Benjamin H. Passey, Darryl J. de Ruiter, Debbie Guatelli-Steinberg, Thure E. Cerling, and Julia A. Lee-Thorp
Science 10 November 2006: 980-982.
Carbon isotope data from teeth of an early hominin reveal that its diet switched seasonally, unlike that of chimps but similar to that of later tool-using Homo species. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Human Hair Growth Deficiency Is Linked to a Genetic Defect in the Phospholipase Gene LIPH

Anastasiya Kazantseva, Andrey Goltsov, Rena Zinchenko, Anastasia P. Grigorenko, Anna V. Abrukova, Yuri K. Moliaka, Alexander G. Kirillov, Zhiru Guo, Stephen Lyle, Evgeny K. Ginter, and Evgeny I. Rogaev
Science 10 November 2006: 982-985.
Families with an inherited form of hair loss carry a defective enzyme that disrupts lipid signaling and thus provides a potential therapeutic target. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Microtubule-Severing Activity of Shigella Is Pivotal for Intercellular Spreading

Sei Yoshida, Yutaka Handa, Toshihiko Suzuki, Michinaga Ogawa, Masato Suzuki, Asuka Tamai, Akio Abe, Eisaku Katayama, and Chihiro Sasakawa
Science 10 November 2006: 985-989.
Once inside a host cell, a pathogenic bacterium secretes a protein-degrading enzyme that destroys the host cytoskeleton, easing its passage and facilitating infection. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

HTRA1 Promoter Polymorphism in Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Andrew DeWan, Mugen Liu, Stephen Hartman, Samuel Shao-Min Zhang, David T. L. Liu, Connie Zhao, Pancy O. S. Tam, Wai Man Chan, Dennis S. C. Lam, Michael Snyder, Colin Barnstable, Chi Pui Pang, and Josephine Hoh
Science 10 November 2006: 989-992.
Published online 19 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1133807] (in Science Express Reports)
People who have one of the normal variants of a protein-degrading enzyme are at increased risk of developing an aggressive form of age-related macular degeneration. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Variant of the HTRA1 Gene Increases Susceptibility to Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Zhenglin Yang, Nicola J. Camp, Hui Sun, Zongzhong Tong, Daniel Gibbs, D. Joshua Cameron, Haoyu Chen, Yu Zhao, Erik Pearson, Xi Li, Jeremy Chien, Andrew DeWan, Jennifer Harmon, Paul S. Bernstein, Viji Shridhar, Norman A. Zabriskie, Josephine Hoh, Kimberly Howes, and Kang Zhang
Science 10 November 2006: 992-993.
Published online 19 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1133811] (in Science Express Reports)
People who have one of the normal variants of a protein-degrading enzyme are at increased risk of developing an aggressive form of age-related macular degeneration. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

5'-Triphosphate RNA Is the Ligand for RIG-I

Veit Hornung, Jana Ellegast, Sarah Kim, Krzysztof Brzózka, Andreas Jung, Hiroki Kato, Hendrik Poeck, Shizuo Akira, Karl-Klaus Conzelmann, Martin Schlee, Stefan Endres, and Gunther Hartmann
Science 10 November 2006: 994-997.
Published online 12 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1132505] (in Science Express Reports)
A host protein that can bind to the uncapped, single-stranded RNA genomes of many viruses triggers an antiviral response and may be a useful drug target. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

RIG-I-Mediated Antiviral Responses to Single-Stranded RNA Bearing 5'-Phosphates

Andreas Pichlmair, Oliver Schulz, Choon Ping Tan, Tanja I. Näslund, Peter Liljeström, Friedemann Weber, and Caetano Reis e Sousa
Science 10 November 2006: 997-1001.
Published online 12 October 2006 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1132998] (in Science Express Reports)
A host protein that can bind to the uncapped, single-stranded RNA genomes of many viruses triggers an antiviral response and may be a useful drug target. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Direct Measurement of the Full, Sequence-Dependent Folding Landscape of a Nucleic Acid

Michael T. Woodside, Peter C. Anthony, William M. Behnke-Parks, Kevan Larizadeh, Daniel Herschlag, and Steven M. Block
Science 10 November 2006: 1001-1004.
Complete free-energy landscapes for folding single DNA hairpins have been determined experimentally and agree well with theoretical calculations. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Ion Selectivity in a Semisynthetic K⁺ Channel Locked in the Conductive Conformation

Francis I. Valiyaveetil, Manuel Leonetti, Tom W. Muir, and Roderick MacKinnon
Science 10 November 2006: 1004-1007.
A mutant potassium channel stuck in the open position still conducts K⁺ but not Na⁺, indicating that its conformation and the presence of K⁺ in the pore confer selectivity. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Statistical Independence of Escalatory Ecological Trends in Phanerozoic Marine Invertebrates"

Peter D. Roopnarine, Kenneth D. Angielczyk, and Rachel Hertog
Science 10 November 2006: 925.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Comment on "Statistical Independence of Escalatory Ecological Trends in Phanerozoic Marine Invertebrates"

Gregory P. Dietl and Geerat J. Vermeij
Science 10 November 2006: 925.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Response to Comments on "Statistical Independence of Escalatory Ecological Trends in Phanerozoic Marine Invertebrates"

Joshua S. Madin, John Alroy, Martin Aberhan, Franz T. Fürsich, Wolfgang Kiessling, Matthew A. Kosnik, and Peter J. Wagner
Science 10 November 2006: 925.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|