Challenges in Immunology

Testing Our Defenses

Stephen J. Simpson and John Travis
Science 3 August 2007: 611.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

News

Building an HIV-Proof Immune System

Jon Cohen
Science 3 August 2007: 612-614.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Mast Cells Show Their Might

Mitch Leslie
Science 3 August 2007: 614-616.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Perspectives

Primary Immunodeficiencies: A Field in Its Infancy

Jean-Laurent Casanova and Laurent Abel
Science 3 August 2007: 617-619.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Epigenetic Flexibility Underlying Lineage Choices in the Adaptive Immune System

Dimitris Kioussis and Katia Georgopoulos
Science 3 August 2007: 620-622.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Division of Labor with a Workforce of One: Challenges in Specifying Effector and Memory T Cell Fate

Steven L. Reiner, Federica Sallusto, and Antonio Lanzavecchia
Science 3 August 2007: 622-625.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Private Lives: Reflections and Challenges in Understanding the Cell Biology of the Immune System

Ira Mellman
Science 3 August 2007: 625-627.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Emerging Challenges in Regulatory T Cell Function and Biology

Shimon Sakaguchi and Fiona Powrie
Science 3 August 2007: 627-629.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 3 August 2007: 568.
|Full Text »

Editorial:
Domestic? Forget it.

Donald Kennedy
Science 3 August 2007: 571.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 3 August 2007: 572.
|Full Text »

NEW PRODUCTS

Science 3 August 2007: 682.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

News of the Week

CLINICAL RESEARCH: Death Prompts a Review of Gene Therapy Vector

Jocelyn Kaiser
Science 3 August 2007: 580.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

BIOSECURITY: Rising Asian Threat Leaves Russia in the Lurch

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 3 August 2007: 581.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING: U.S. Output Flattens, and NSF Wonders Why

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 3 August 2007: 582.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

SOLAR POWER: Light-Splitting Trick Squeezes More Electricity Out of Sun's Rays

Eli Kintisch
Science 3 August 2007: 583-584.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

IMMUNOLOGY: A Slimy Start for Immunity?

Mitch Leslie
Science 3 August 2007: 584.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

FRANCE: Cancer Test Dispute Pits Researcher Against a Firm She Helped Create

Martin Enserink
Science 3 August 2007: 585.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ScienceScope

Science 3 August 2007: 583.
|Full Text »

Random Samples

Science 3 August 2007: 577.
|Full Text »

Newsmakers

Science 3 August 2007: 579.
|Full Text »

News Focus

ARCHAEOLOGY: Middle Asia Takes Center Stage

Andrew Lawler
Science 3 August 2007: 586-590.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ARCHAEOLOGY: Ancient Writing or Modern Fakery?

Andrew Lawler
Science 3 August 2007: 588-589.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ARCHAEOLOGY: Cracking Open the Iranian Door

Andrew Lawler
Science 3 August 2007: 590.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MARINE SCIENCE: Ocean Observing Network Wades Into Swirling U.S. Fiscal Waters

Eli Kintisch
Science 3 August 2007: 591.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PILAI POONSWAD PROFILE: Subduing Poachers, Ducking Insurgents to Save a Splendid Bird

Richard Stone
Science 3 August 2007: 592-593.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ASTRONOMY: Where Are the Invisible Galaxies?

Adrian Cho
Science 3 August 2007: 594-595.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 3 August 2007: 596.
Summary »|   PDF »|  

 Genetics and The Sopranos

Bernard P. Possidente Jr.
Science 3 August 2007: 596.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 A Less Pessimistic View of U.S. Science Funding

John H. Marburger III
Science 3 August 2007: 596.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 Evolution and Group Selection

David P. Barash; and Jonathan Haidt
Science 3 August 2007: 596-597.
Full Text »|   PDF »|  

 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 3 August 2007: 597.
Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Books et al.

NUCLEAR WEAPONS: Just Another Bomb?

John Krige
Science 3 August 2007: 598-599.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

NUCLEAR WEAPONS: Moving Toward Security

Christopher F. Chyba
Science 3 August 2007: 599.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Books Received

Science 3 August 2007: 599.
Summary »|  

HISTORY OF SCIENCE: Fame, Philosophy, and Physics

Jeroen van Dongen
Science 10 August 2007: 752-753.
Summary »|   Full Text »|  

Policy Forum

ETHICS: Identifiability in Genomic Research

William W. Lowrance and Francis S. Collins
Science 3 August 2007: 600-602.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Perspectives

CELL BIOLOGY: Proteins That Promote Long Life

Stuart K. Kim
Science 3 August 2007: 603-604.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Micelles Made to Order

Marc A. Hillmyer
Science 3 August 2007: 604-605.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

MATERIALS SCIENCE: Exploiting Wrinkle Formation

Aline F. Miller
Science 3 August 2007: 605-606.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

PLANT SCIENCE: Reproductive Dialog

Sheila McCormick
Science 3 August 2007: 606-607.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

ASTRONOMY: Seeing Through Dark Matter

Stacy McGaugh
Science 3 August 2007: 607-608.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

RETROSPECTIVE: Anne McLaren (1927-2007)

Janet Rossant and Brigid Hogan
Science 3 August 2007: 609.
Summary »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Brevia

Defusing the Childhood Vocabulary Explosion

Bob McMurray
Science 3 August 2007: 631.
Toddlers express a burst of new words as a result of their parallel acquisition of words of varying complexity, not because they acquire a new cognitive skill.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Genome Transplantation in Bacteria: Changing One Species to Another

Carole Lartigue, John I. Glass, Nina Alperovich, Rembert Pieper, Prashanth P. Parmar, Clyde A. Hutchison, III, Hamilton O. Smith, and J. Craig Venter
Science 3 August 2007: 632-638.
Published online 28 June 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1144622] (in Science Express Research Articles)
The intact DNA genome was isolated from one Mycoplasma species and transferred to another, replacing the recipient's genome and conferring its own phenotype.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Quantum Hall Effect in a Gate-Controlled p-n Junction of Graphene

J. R. Williams, L. DiCarlo, and C. M. Marcus
Science 3 August 2007: 638-641.
Published online 28 June 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1144657] (in Science Express Reports)
In graphene sheets with different areas containing either electron or hole carriers, the conductance at the junctions between regions is quantized.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Quantized Transport in Graphene p-n Junctions in a Magnetic Field

D. A. Abanin and L. S. Levitov
Science 3 August 2007: 641-643.
Published online 28 June 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1144672] (in Science Express Reports)
The mixing of quantum Hall edge states at the interface between different carrier regions in a graphene sheet accounts for the quantized transport through the gates.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Cylindrical Block Copolymer Micelles and Co-Micelles of Controlled Length and Architecture

Xiaosong Wang, Gerald Guerin, Hai Wang, Yishan Wang, Ian Manners, and Mitchell A. Winnik
Science 3 August 2007: 644-647.
A chemical system mimics living polymerization by adding block copolymers to the end of polymeric strands, forming cylindrical micelles with different lengths and functions.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Block Copolymer Assembly via Kinetic Control

Honggang Cui, Zhiyun Chen, Sheng Zhong, Karen L. Wooley, and Darrin J. Pochan
Science 3 August 2007: 647-650.
Controlling the electrostatic interactions of charged polymer building blocks in water yields complex flat structures with internal patterns that can be used as templates.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Capillary Wrinkling of Floating Thin Polymer Films

Jiangshui Huang, Megan Juszkiewicz, Wim H. de Jeu, Enrique Cerda, Todd Emrick, Narayanan Menon, and Thomas P. Russell
Science 3 August 2007: 650-653.
A drop of water placed on a free-floating thin polymer film produces a pattern of wrinkles that can be used to determine its elastic modulus and thickness.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Source of Saturn's G Ring

Matthew M. Hedman, Joseph A. Burns, Matthew S. Tiscareno, Carolyn C. Porco, Geraint H. Jones, Elias Roussos, Norbert Krupp, Chris Paranicas, and Sascha Kempf
Science 3 August 2007: 653-656.
Saturn's tenuous G ring, which lacks a clear source, is produced by an arc of fine debris that is trapped in orbital resonance with Saturn's inner moon Mimas.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The FERONIA Receptor-like Kinase Mediates Male-Female Interactions During Pollen Tube Reception

Juan-Miguel Escobar-Restrepo, Norbert Huck, Sharon Kessler, Valeria Gagliardini, Jacqueline Gheyselinck, Wei-Cai Yang, and Ueli Grossniklaus
Science 3 August 2007: 656-660.
In plants, a female-specific kinase senses the arrival of the pollen tube, setting the stage for the next stages of fertilization and potentially controlling reproductive compatibility.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Quantitative Mass Spectrometry Identifies Insulin Signaling Targets in C. elegans

Meng-Qiu Dong, John D. Venable, Nora Au, Tao Xu, Sung Kyu Park, Daniel Cociorva, Jeffrey R. Johnson, Andrew Dillin, and John R. Yates, III
Science 3 August 2007: 660-663.
Identifying the genetic and protein targets of the insulin signaling pathway in C. elegans reveals mechanisms that potentially control the aging process.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Forced Unfolding of Proteins Within Cells

Colin P. Johnson, Hsin-Yao Tang, Christine Carag, David W. Speicher, and Dennis E. Discher
Science 3 August 2007: 663-666.
Fluorescent labeling of cysteines in living cells reveals how mechanical stress can cause force-induced conformational changes in cellular proteins.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Monitoring of Blood Vessels and Tissues by a Population of Monocytes with Patrolling Behavior

Cedric Auffray, Darin Fogg, Meriem Garfa, Gaelle Elain, Olivier Join-Lambert, Samer Kayal, Sabine Sarnacki, Ana Cumano, Gregoire Lauvau, and Frederic Geissmann
Science 3 August 2007: 666-670.
Immune cells that reside in endothelial tissues remain attached to the walls of blood vessels and survey for signs of damage and infection.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Regulation of Homeostatic Chemokine Expression and Cell Trafficking During Immune Responses

Scott N. Mueller, Karoline A. Hosiawa-Meagher, Bogumila T. Konieczny, Brandon M. Sullivan, Martin F. Bachmann, Richard M. Locksley, Rafi Ahmed, and Mehrdad Matloubian
Science 3 August 2007: 670-674.
During the immune response to a pathogen, lymph nodes temporarily block the entry of new immune cells, thereby optimizing the ongoing immune reaction.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Negative Regulation of Toll-Like Receptor Signaling by NF-B p50 Ubiquitination Blockade

Ruaidhrí J. Carmody, Qingguo Ruan, Scott Palmer, Brendan Hilliard, and Youhai H. Chen
Science 3 August 2007: 675-678.
In mice, the innate immune response to microbes is controlled by blocking degradation of a transcriptional inhibitor, dampening an otherwise potentially dangerous response.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Immune-like Phagocyte Activity in the Social Amoeba

Guokai Chen, Olga Zhuchenko, and Adam Kuspa
Science 3 August 2007: 678-681.
The sluglike assemblies formed by social amoebae contain specialized cells that function like the phagocytes of animal immune systems, suggesting an evolutionary connection.
Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|