This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 23 November 2007: 1213.
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Editorial:
Toxic Dilemmas

Donald Kennedy
Science 23 November 2007: 1217.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 23 November 2007: 1218.
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Science Podcast

Science 23 November 2007: 1313.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 23 November 2007: 1313.
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News of the Week

DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY: Field Leaps Forward With New Stem Cell Advances

Gretchen Vogel and Constance Holden
Science 23 November 2007: 1224-1225.
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CLINICAL RESEARCH: ALS Trial Raises Questions About Promising Drug

Jennifer Couzin
Science 23 November 2007: 1227.
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ASTRONOMY: If You Build It, Will They Come?

Richard Stone
Science 23 November 2007: 1228.
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AVIAN INFLUENZA: More Bumps on the Road to Global Sharing of H5N1 Samples

Martin Enserink and Dennis Normile
Science 23 November 2007: 1229.
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ScienceScope

Science 23 November 2007: 1227.
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Random Samples

Science 23 November 2007: 1221.
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Newsmakers

Science 23 November 2007: 1223.
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News Focus

GLOBAL WARMING: How Urgent Is Climate Change?

Richard A. Kerr
Science 23 November 2007: 1230-1231.
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AUTOIMMUNE DISEASES: The B Cell Slayer

Robert Matthews
Science 23 November 2007: 1232-1233.
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BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: Cell Biology Meets Rolfing

David Grimm
Science 23 November 2007: 1234-1235.
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BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH: From Rolfer to Researcher

David Grimm
Science 23 November 2007: 1235.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Did Horny Young Dinosaurs Cause Illusion of Separate Species?

Erik Stokstad
Science 23 November 2007: 1236.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Jaw Shows Platypus Goes Way Back

Erik Stokstad
Science 23 November 2007: 1237.
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SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY MEETING: Snapshots From the Meeting

Erik Stokstad
Science 23 November 2007: 1237.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 23 November 2007: 1239.
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 Mixing It Up with Krill

E. Kunze, J. F. Dower, R. Dewey, E. A. D'Asaro;, and André W. Visser
Science 23 November 2007: 1239.
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 Estrogen and Tumors: For Better or for Worse?

Dirk J. van der Windt, Niels F. M. Kok, Jan Ijzermans;, and Michael Karin
Science 23 November 2007: 1239-1240.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 23 November 2007: 1240.
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 Virtual Reality and Telepresence

Giuseppe Riva;, Bigna Lenggenhager, Tej Tadi, Thomas Metzinger, Olaf Blanke;, and H. Henrik Ehrsson
Science 23 November 2007: 1240-1242.
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Books et al.

GENOMICS: Adventurer in Genome Science

Stephen Hilgartner
Science 23 November 2007: 1244-1245.
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BROWSING

Science 23 November 2007: 1245.
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MOLECULAR BIOLOGY: Manners, Good and Bad

Sydney Brenner
Science 23 November 2007: 1245-1246.
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Books Received

Science 23 November 2007: 1245.
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Policy Forum

Ecology: Managing Evolving Fish Stocks

Christian Jorgensen, Katja Enberg, Erin S. Dunlop, Robert Arlinghaus, David S. Boukal, Keith Brander, Bruno Ernande, Anna Gardmark, Fiona Johnston, Shuichi Matsumura, Heidi Pardoe, Kristina Raab, Alexandra Silva, Anssi Vainikka, Ulf Dieckmann, Mikko Heino, and Adriaan D. Rijnsdorp
Science 23 November 2007: 1247-1248.
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Perspectives

CELL BIOLOGY: IP₇ Debut in Insulin Release

Shinya Nagamatsu and Mica Ohara-Imaizumi
Science 23 November 2007: 1249-1250.
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CHEMISTRY: Chemicals from Biomass

David R. Dodds and Richard A. Gross
Science 23 November 2007: 1250-1251.
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PHYSICS: Better Computing with Photons

Timothy C. Ralph and Robert W. Boyd
Science 23 November 2007: 1251-1252.
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BIOCHEMISTRY: Signaling Across the Cell Membrane

Rama Ranganathan
Science 23 November 2007: 1253-1254.
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APPLIED PHYSICS: Filling the Terahertz Gap

Reinhold Kleiner
Science 23 November 2007: 1254-1255.
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PHYSIOLOGY: Still Pondering an Age-Old Question

Thomas Flatt and Daniel E. L. Promislow
Science 23 November 2007: 1255-1256.
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Brevia

Theory of Mind Is Independent of Episodic Memory

R. Shayna Rosenbaum, Donald T. Stuss, Brian Levine, and Endel Tulving
Science 23 November 2007: 1257.
Contrary to current theory, two brain-injured patients who cannot remember their own past experiences can nevertheless infer the thoughts and beliefs of others. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

High-Resolution Crystal Structure of an Engineered Human β₂-Adrenergic G Protein–Coupled Receptor

Vadim Cherezov, Daniel M. Rosenbaum, Michael A. Hanson, Søren G. F. Rasmussen, Foon Sun Thian, Tong Sun Kobilka, Hee-Jung Choi, Peter Kuhn, William I. Weis, Brian K. Kobilka, and Raymond C. Stevens
Science 23 November 2007: 1258-1265.
Published online 25 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1150577] (in Science Express Research Articles)
The 2.4 angstrom structure of the human β₂-adrenergic receptor displays an architecture and helical orientation distinct from that of rhodopsin, the prototypical member of this family. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Authors' Summary »|  Supporting Online Material »|  

GPCR Engineering Yields High-Resolution Structural Insights into β₂-Adrenergic Receptor Function

Daniel M. Rosenbaum, Vadim Cherezov, Michael A. Hanson, Søren G. F. Rasmussen, Foon Sun Thian, Tong Sun Kobilka, Hee-Jung Choi, Xiao-Jie Yao, William I. Weis, Raymond C. Stevens, and Brian K. Kobilka
Science 23 November 2007: 1266-1273.
Published online 25 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1150609] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Replacing part of the β₂-adrenergic receptor allows an accurate determination of the receptor’s structure, showing how ligand binding activates G proteins. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Authors' Summary »|  Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Superconducting Pair Correlations in an Amorphous Insulating Nanohoneycomb Film

M. D. Stewart, Jr., Aijun Yin, J. M. Xu, and James M. Valles, Jr.
Science 23 November 2007: 1273-1275.
The magnetoresistance of thin bismuth films perforated with nanometer holes shows that the paired electrons that produce superconductivity can also induce an insulator state. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

End-to-End Stacking and Liquid Crystal Condensation of 6– to 20–Base Pair DNA Duplexes

Michi Nakata, Giuliano Zanchetta, Brandon D. Chapman, Christopher D. Jones, Julie O. Cross, Ronald Pindak, Tommaso Bellini, and Noel A. Clark
Science 23 November 2007: 1276-1279.
Known to form from long DNA segments, liquid crystalline phases can also be formed from short DNAs by stacking them into aggregates through adhesion of their end groups. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A High-Frequency Secondary Event During the 2004 Parkfield Earthquake

Bettina P. Allmann and Peter M. Shearer
Science 23 November 2007: 1279-1283.
In the 2004, magnitude 6.0 Parkfield, California, earthquake the main rupture led 5 seconds later to increased slip from a secondary source 12 kilometers away. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Inconsistencies Between Pangean Reconstructions and Basic Climate Controls

Clinton M. Rowe, David B. Loope, Robert J. Oglesby, Rob Van der Voo, and Charles E. Broadwater
Science 23 November 2007: 1284-1286.
Paleowind directions from aeolian sandstones imply that 180 million years ago, Pangea straddled the equator, rather than drifting northward as inferred from paleomagnetic data. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Time-Resolved Investigation of Coherently Controlled Electric Currents at a Metal Surface

J. Güdde, M. Rohleder, T. Meier, S. W. Koch, and U. Höfer
Science 23 November 2007: 1287-1291.
The femtosecond dynamics of the currents flowing at a copper surface can be directly imaged by exciting and ejecting electrons with three rapid laser pulses. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Emission of Coherent THz Radiation from Superconductors

L. Ozyuzer, A. E. Koshelev, C. Kurter, N. Gopalsami, Q. Li, M. Tachiki, K. Kadowaki, T. Yamamoto, H. Minami, H. Yamaguchi, T. Tachiki, K. E. Gray, W.-K. Kwok, and U. Welp
Science 23 November 2007: 1291-1293.
Designing layers of a high-temperature superconductor to act like a laser cavity allows generation of continuous-wave terahertz radiation needed for spectrometry and imaging. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Shape and Temperature Memory of Nanocomposites with Broadened Glass Transition

Pierre Miaudet, Alain Derré, Maryse Maugey, Cécile Zakri, Patrick M. Piccione, Rabi Inoubli, and Philippe Poulin
Science 23 November 2007: 1294-1296.
Fibers made from polyvinyl alcohol and carbon nanotubes store large stresses needed to recover their shape after deformation and reheating, as needed for actuators. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Efficient Transplantation via Antibody-Based Clearance of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niches

Agnieszka Czechowicz, Daniel Kraft, Irving L. Weissman, and Deepta Bhattacharya
Science 23 November 2007: 1296-1299.
An antibody-based procedure can deplete the preexisting bone marrow stem cells in mice, allowing easy repopulation by transplanted stem cells. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Requirement of Inositol Pyrophosphates for Full Exocytotic Capacity in Pancreatic β Cells

Christopher Illies, Jesper Gromada, Roberta Fiume, Barbara Leibiger, Jia Yu, Kirstine Juhl, Shao-Nian Yang, Deb K. Barma, John R. Falck, Adolfo Saiardi, Christopher J. Barker, and Per-Olof Berggren
Science 23 November 2007: 1299-1302.
Pancreatic β cells maintain high amounts of the signaling molecule inositol pyrophosphate, assuring a ready release of insulin in response to metabolic demands. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Transposase-Derived Transcription Factors Regulate Light Signaling in Arabidopsis

Rongcheng Lin, Lei Ding, Claudio Casola, Daniel R. Ripoll, Cédric Feschotte, and Haiyang Wang
Science 23 November 2007: 1302-1305.
Transcription factors that modulate light responses in plants have been co-opted from an ancestral transposon, suggesting that mobile elements are a driving force in evolution. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Social Comparison Affects Reward-Related Brain Activity in the Human Ventral Striatum

K. Fliessbach, B. Weber, P. Trautner, T. Dohmen, U. Sunde, C. E. Elger, and A. Falk
Science 23 November 2007: 1305-1308.
When two subjects play a game in which equal performance is rewarded inequitably, the reward center of the brain responds to the relative, not the absolute, payment. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Hold Your Horses: Impulsivity, Deep Brain Stimulation, and Medication in Parkinsonism

Michael J. Frank, Johan Samanta, Ahmed A. Moustafa, and Scott J. Sherman
Science 23 November 2007: 1309-1312.
Published online 25 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1146157] (in Science Express Reports)
L-Dopa, a common treatment for Parkinson’s disease, impairs certain forms of learning, whereas deep brain stimulation inappropriately accelerates decision making. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Roadless Space of the Conterminous United States"

Evan H. Girvetz, Jochen A. G. Jaeger, and James H. Thorne
Science 23 November 2007: 1240.
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Response to Comment on "Roadless Space of the Conterminous United States"

Raymond D. Watts, Roger W. Compton, John H. McCammon, Carl L. Rich, Stewart M. Wright, Tom Owens, and Douglas S. Ouren
Science 23 November 2007: 1240.
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