The Nucleus

Journey to the Center of the Cell

Stella M. Hurtley and Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 30 November 2007: 1399.
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News

Return of the Matrix

John Travis
Science 30 November 2007: 1400-1401.
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Reviews

Toward a High-Resolution View of Nuclear Dynamics

Laura Trinkle-Mulcahy and Angus I. Lamond
Science 30 November 2007: 1402-1407.
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Blurring the Boundary: The Nuclear Envelope Extends Its Reach

Colin L. Stewart, Kyle J. Roux, and Brian Burke
Science 30 November 2007: 1408-1412.
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Crossing the Nuclear Envelope: Hierarchical Regulation of Nucleocytoplasmic Transport

Laura J. Terry, Eric B. Shows, and Susan R. Wente
Science 30 November 2007: 1412-1416.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 30 November 2007: 1345.
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Editorial:
The Quality of Public Dialogue

Kathy Sykes
Science 30 November 2007: 1349.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 30 November 2007: 1351.
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Science Podcast

Science 30 November 2007: 1482.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 30 November 2007: 1482.
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News of the Week

EPIDEMIOLOGY: New Estimates Scale Back Scope of HIV/AIDS Epidemic

Jon Cohen
Science 30 November 2007: 1360-1361.
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INFLUENZA: Tense Meeting Produces Some Hope for Flu-Sharing Deal

Martin Enserink
Science 30 November 2007: 1361.
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PALEOANTHROPOLOGY: Hominid Harems: Big Males Competed for Small Australopithecine Females

Ann Gibbons
Science 30 November 2007: 1363.
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MUSEUMS: Smithsonian Struggles to Strike a Balance With Sponsors

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 30 November 2007: 1364.
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PUBLIC SCIENCE: Pilot NSF Program Flies Into Stiff Community Headwinds

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 30 November 2007: 1365-1367.
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SCIENCE ADVICE: Germany Finally Picks a National Science Academy

Gretchen Vogel
Science 30 November 2007: 1367.
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ScienceScope

Science 30 November 2007: 1363.
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Random Samples

Science 30 November 2007: 1357.
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Newsmakers

Science 30 November 2007: 1359.
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News Focus

CARBON SEQUESTRATION: Should Oceanographers Pump Iron?

Eli Kintisch
Science 30 November 2007: 1368-1370.
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HIGHER EDUCATION: MIT Engineer Shakes Korean Academia to Its Core

Dennis Normile
Science 30 November 2007: 1371.
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VETERINARY MEDICINE: Camel Scientists Ask: What's Sinking the Ships of the Desert?

Robert Koenig
Science 30 November 2007: 1372-1373.
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VETERINARY MEDICINE: 'Camelized' Antibodies Make Waves

Robert Koenig
Science 30 November 2007: 1373.
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SPACE: Columbus Injects Science Into Station

Daniel Clery
Science 30 November 2007: 1374-1375.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 30 November 2007: 1377.
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 Global and Local Conservation Priorities

Eric Dinerstein;, F. R. Scarano;, Pashupati Chaudhary;, Russell A. Mittermeier, Claude Gascon, Leon Rajaobelina, Jatna Supriatna, Jose Maria Cardoso da Silva, Carlos Manuel Rodríguez, Lu Zhi, Katrina Brandon;, J. P. Rodriguez, A. B. Taber, P. Daszak, R. Sukumar, C. Valladares-Padua, S. Padua, L. F. Aguirre, R. A. Medellín, M. Acosta, A. A. Aguirre, C. Bonacic, P. Bordino, J. Bruschini, D. Buchori, S. González, T. Mathew, M. Méndez, L. Mugica, A. P. Dobson, and M. Pearl
Science 30 November 2007: 1377-1382.
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 Corrections and Clarifications

Science 30 November 2007: 1382-1383.
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Books et al.

PSYCHOLOGY: Learning from Words

Robin Lakoff
Science 30 November 2007: 1384-1385.
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GEOSCIENCE: Dancing Continents

Kevin Burke
Science 30 November 2007: 1385.
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Books Received

Science 30 November 2007: 1385.
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Policy Forum

CLIMATE CHANGE: Climate Assessment: What's Next?

Frank Raes and Rob Swart
Science 30 November 2007: 1386.
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Education Forum

Preschool Program Improves Cognitive Control

Adele Diamond, W. Steven Barnett, Jessica Thomas, and Sarah Munro
Science 30 November 2007: 1387-1388.
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Perspectives

GEOCHEMISTRY: The Leaking Mantle

David R. Hilton
Science 30 November 2007: 1389-1390.
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GENETICS: Paradigm for Life

James O. McInerney and Davide Pisani
Science 30 November 2007: 1390-1391.
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CHEMISTRY: Surface-Conducting Diamond

Christoph E. Nebel
Science 30 November 2007: 1391-1392.
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CHEMISTRY: Metal-Based Therapeutics

Trevor W. Hambley
Science 30 November 2007: 1392-1393.
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PHYSICS: Precision Without Entanglement

Jeremy L. O'Brien
Science 30 November 2007: 1393-1394.
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GENETICS: β-Defensin Repertoire Expands

Julia R. Dorin and Ian J. Jackson
Science 30 November 2007: 1395.
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Association Affairs

AAAS News and Notes

Science 30 November 2007: 1396-1397.
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Brevia

Plants Tolerant of High Boron Levels

Kyoko Miwa, Junpei Takano, Hiroyuki Omori, Motoaki Seki, Kazuo Shinozaki, and Toru Fujiwara
Science 30 November 2007: 1417.
An Arabidopsis protein enhances the borate efflux from roots; incorporating its gene into crops may help improve their growth in arid soils containing excess boron. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Articles

A β-Defensin Mutation Causes Black Coat Color in Domestic Dogs

Sophie I. Candille, Christopher B. Kaelin, Bruce M. Cattanach, Bin Yu, Darren A. Thompson, Matthew A. Nix, Julie A. Kerns, Sheila M. Schmutz, Glenn L. Millhauser, and Gregory S. Barsh
Science 30 November 2007: 1418-1423.
Published online 18 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1147880] (in Science Express Research Articles)
Identification of a gene causing black coat color in dogs reveals a surprising new role for a protein family previously implicated in the body’s defense against microbes. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Authors' Summary »|  Supporting Online Material »|  

Charge Transfer Equilibria Between Diamond and an Aqueous Oxygen Electrochemical Redox Couple

Vidhya Chakrapani, John C. Angus, Alfred B. Anderson, Scott D. Wolter, Brian R. Stoner, and Gamini U. Sumanasekera
Science 30 November 2007: 1424-1430.
The puzzling high electrical conductivity of some diamond surfaces is produced by electron transfer to oxygen in water films coating the surface, even in air. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Authors' Summary »|  

Reports

Coherent Control of a Single Electron Spin with Electric Fields

K. C. Nowack, F. H. L. Koppens, Yu. V. Nazarov, and L. M. K. Vandersypen
Science 30 November 2007: 1430-1433.
Published online 1 November 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1148092] (in Science Express Reports)
The spin state of a single electron on a quantum dot can be manipulated by application of a local electric field, improving the control of multiple dots over what is achievable with a magnetic field. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Flow of Mantle Fluids Through the Ductile Lower Crust: Helium Isotope Trends

B. Mack Kennedy and Matthijs C. van Soest
Science 30 November 2007: 1433-1436.
In high-strain areas of the western United States, helium isotopes in groundwater indicate an influx of gas from the mantle, implying that deformation has enhanced permeability. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

In Situ Determination of the Nanoscale Chemistry and Behavior of Solid-Liquid Systems

Santhana K. Eswaramoorthy, James M. Howe, and Govindarajan Muralidharan
Science 30 November 2007: 1437-1440.
A modified transmission electron microscope operated while heating a sample reveals metastable phase boundaries and chemical compositions across a solid-liquid interface. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Fluctuation Superconductivity in Mesoscopic Aluminum Rings

Nicholas C. Koshnick, Hendrik Bluhm, Martin E. Huber, and Kathryn A. Moler
Science 30 November 2007: 1440-1443.
A sensitive scanning microscope reveals magnetic and superconducting fluctuations of nanometer-sized aluminum rings that approach the coherence size of these phenomena. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Extended Male Growth in a Fossil Hominin Species

Charles A. Lockwood, Colin G. Menter, Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, and Andre W. Keyser
Science 30 November 2007: 1443-1446.
A large sample of facial bones from an early hominin, Paranthropus robustus, shows that males matured later than females and may have monopolized groups of females. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Boron-Toxicity Tolerance in Barley Arising from Efflux Transporter Amplification

Tim Sutton, Ute Baumann, Julie Hayes, Nicholas C. Collins, Bu-Jun Shi, Thorsten Schnurbusch, Alison Hay, Gwenda Mayo, Margaret Pallotta, Mark Tester, and Peter Langridge
Science 30 November 2007: 1446-1449.
Wild barley strains that are unusually tolerant of boron have extra copies of a gene that codes for a boron transporter. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Genome-Wide Experimental Determination of Barriers to Horizontal Gene Transfer

Rotem Sorek, Yiwen Zhu, Christopher J. Creevey, M. Pilar Francino, Peer Bork, and Edward M. Rubin
Science 30 November 2007: 1449-1452.
Published online 18 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1147112] (in Science Express Reports)
Characterization of gene families that cannot be cloned in the common bacteria Escherichia coli suggests that increased dosage and expression of certain genes are toxic to the host. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

A Melanocortin 1 Receptor Allele Suggests Varying Pigmentation Among Neanderthals

Carles Lalueza-Fox, Holger Römpler, David Caramelli, Claudia Stäubert, Giulio Catalano, David Hughes, Nadin Rohland, Elena Pilli, Laura Longo, Silvana Condemi, Marco de la Rasilla, Javier Fortea, Antonio Rosas, Mark Stoneking, Torsten Schöneberg, Jaume Bertranpetit, and Michael Hofreiter
Science 30 November 2007: 1453-1455.
Published online 25 October 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1147417] (in Science Express Reports)
Neanderthals carried a variant of a skin cell receptor similar to that in modern Europeans, suggesting that their pigmentation may have been similarly variable. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

5'-Triphosphate-Dependent Activation of PKR by RNAs with Short Stem-Loops

Subba Rao Nallagatla, Jungwook Hwang, Rebecca Toroney, Xiaofeng Zheng, Craig E. Cameron, and Philip C. Bevilacqua
Science 30 November 2007: 1455-1458.
A pathogen-sensing protein of the innate immune system recognizes the 5'-triphosphate structures of single-stranded RNA present in many bacteria and viruses. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Direct Observation of Chaperone-Induced Changes in a Protein Folding Pathway

Philipp Bechtluft, Ruud G. H. van Leeuwen, Matthew Tyreman, Danuta Tomkiewicz, Nico Nouwen, Harald L. Tepper, Arnold J. M. Driessen, and Sander J. Tans
Science 30 November 2007: 1458-1461.
Single-molecule measurements reveal how the chaperone SecB affects the folding pathway of maltose binding protein to assist its translocation across the cytoplasmic membrane in bacteria. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Carbon Dioxide Activation at the Ni,Fe-Cluster of Anaerobic Carbon Monoxide Dehydrogenase

Jae-Hun Jeoung and Holger Dobbek
Science 30 November 2007: 1461-1464.
Structures of a carbon monoxide dehydrogenase enzyme in three different oxidation states show how its nickel-iron cluster activates and reduces carbon dioxide. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Solvent Tuning of Electrochemical Potentials in the Active Sites of HiPIP Versus Ferredoxin

Abhishek Dey, Francis E. Jenney, Jr., Michael W. W. Adams, Elena Babini, Yasuhiro Takahashi, Keiichi Fukuyama, Keith O. Hodgson, Britt Hedman, and Edward I. Solomon
Science 30 November 2007: 1464-1468.
X-ray absorption studies show that hydration of the active site determines whether iron-sulfur clusters in electron transfer proteins react oxidatively or reductively. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Obesity-Associated FTO Gene Encodes a 2-Oxoglutarate-Dependent Nucleic Acid Demethylase

Thomas Gerken, Christophe A. Girard, Yi-Chun Loraine Tung, Celia J. Webby, Vladimir Saudek, Kirsty S. Hewitson, Giles S. H. Yeo, Michael A. McDonough, Sharon Cunliffe, Luke A. McNeill, Juris Galvanovskis, Patrik Rorsman, Peter Robins, Xavier Prieur, Anthony P. Coll, Marcella Ma, Zorica Jovanovic, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Barbara Sedgwick, Inês Barroso, Tomas Lindahl, Chris P. Ponting, Frances M. Ashcroft, Stephen O'Rahilly, and Christopher J. Schofield
Science 30 November 2007: 1469-1472.
Published online 8 November 2007 [DOI: 10.1126/science.1151710] (in Science Express Reports)
A gene that affects an individual’s risk for obesity codes for a protein that removes methyl groups from DNA, although how this function regulates obesity is unclear. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Expression and Function of Junctional Adhesion Molecule-C in Myelinated Peripheral Nerves

Christoph Scheiermann, Paolo Meda, Michel Aurrand-Lions, Rime Madani, Yiangos Yiangou, Peter Coffey, Thomas E. Salt, Dominique Ducrest-Gay, Dorothée Caille, Owain Howell, Richard Reynolds, Alexander Lobrinus, Ralf H. Adams, Alan S. L. Yu, Praveen Anand, Beat A. Imhof, and Sussan Nourshargh
Science 30 November 2007: 1472-1475.
A protein that forms particularly tight junctions between intestinal or endothelial cells also seals the ends of the myelin wrapping around nerve axons. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Technical Comments

Comment on "Decagonal and Quasi-Crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture"

Emil Makovicky
Science 30 November 2007: 1383.
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Response to Comment on "Decagonal and Quasi-Crystalline Tilings in Medieval Islamic Architecture"

Peter J. Lu and Paul J. Steinhardt
Science 30 November 2007: 1383.
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